CBSE 10 Geography | 4. Agriculture by Pavan | Learn Smarter with Allrounder.ai
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4. Agriculture

Agriculture plays a crucial role in India's economy, engaging two-thirds of its population. The chapter explores various farming systems, including primitive subsistence and commercial farming, while detailing major crops and their growing conditions across different regions. Moreover, it emphasizes the impact of technological reforms and initiatives aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity.

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Sections

  • 4

    Agriculture

    Agriculture is crucial in India, involving two-thirds of the population and providing food and raw materials.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1

    Types Of Farming

    This section introduces the various types of farming in India, elucidating the distinctions between primitive subsistence, intensive subsistence, and commercial farming.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1.1

    Primitive Subsistence Farming

    Primitive subsistence farming is a traditional agricultural practice in India that relies on simple tools and family labor, characterized by shifting cultivation methods.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1.2

    Intensive Subsistence Farming

    Intensive subsistence farming is characterized by high labor input and the use of biochemical inputs in areas with high population pressure on land.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1.3

    Commercial Farming

    Commercial farming in India involves the cultivation of crops primarily for sale, utilizing modern agricultural inputs to maximize productivity.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2

    Cropping Pattern

    India, being an agriculturally significant country, employs various cropping patterns influenced by environmental, technological, and cultural factors.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.1

    Major Crops

    India's agricultural landscape features varied farming types engaged by much of its population, producing essential food crops and raw materials for industries.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.1.1

    Rice

    Rice is a staple food crop in India, cultivated extensively under varying climatic conditions, particularly as a kharif crop, and plays a significant role in the economy.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.1.2

    Wheat

    Wheat is a crucial crop in India, primarily grown in the northern regions, and is significant for both local consumption and agricultural economics.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.1.3

    Millets

    Millets, including jowar, bajra, and ragi, are important cereal crops in India recognized for their nutritional value and resilience to dry conditions.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.1.4

    Maize

    This section discusses the significance of maize as a crop in India, its growing conditions, and its importance in agricultural practices.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2

    Food Crops Other Than Grains

    The section explores various non-grain food crops, including sugarcane, oil seeds, tea, coffee, and horticulture crops, highlighting their significance in agriculture and economy.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2.1

    Sugarcane

    This section explores the significance of sugarcane cultivation in India, its growing conditions, and its role in various industries.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2.2

    Oil Seeds

    This section discusses the importance of oil seeds in India's agriculture, including major varieties and their uses.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2.3

    Tea

    Tea is a significant crop in India, cultivated primarily in Assam and North Bengal, reflecting the agricultural diversity and historical context of farming practices.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2.4

    Coffee

    This section discusses the significance of agriculture in India, focusing on different types of farming practices and highlighting the role of coffee as a key agricultural product.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.2.5

    Horticulture Crops

    This section discusses the significance of horticulture crops in India, detailing the types of farming, major agricultural practices, and notable crops grown in the country.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.3

    Non-Food Crops

    This section explores the significance and types of non-food crops in India, detailing their cultivation, uses, and the geographical conditions that support their growth.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.3.1

    Rubber

    This section discusses the significance of rubber in agriculture, its cultivation conditions, and its role as an industrial raw material in India.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.3.2

    Jute

    Jute is an important agricultural fiber crop in India, known for its high temperature requirement and fertile flood plain growth conditions.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.3.3

    Fibre Crops

    Fibre crops such as cotton, jute, hemp, and natural silk play a vital role in India's agricultural landscape.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.3.4

    Cotton

    This section discusses the significance of cotton in India, its cultivation requirements, and the major cotton-producing states.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.4

    Technological And Institutional Reforms

    This section discusses the significant reforms needed in Indian agriculture to enhance productivity and sustainability, emphasizing the importance of technology and institutional changes.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2.4.1

    Bhoodan – Gramdan

    The Bhoodan-Gramdan movement, led by Vinoba Bhave, aimed at distributing land to the landless in India, promoting cooperative farming and social justice.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.3

    Exercises

    This section contains activities and exercises to reinforce understanding of agricultural practices and their significance in India.

    Learning Practice

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • India has a diverse agricul...
  • Various farming systems pra...
  • Rice and wheat are the majo...

Final Test

Revision Tests

Chapter FAQs