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13.5.1 - Activity 13.5

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Understanding Reflection

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Teacher
Teacher

Today we'll explore how mirrors create images through reflection. Can anyone tell me what happens when we look into a mirror?

Student 1
Student 1

We see our reflection!

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! That's due to reflection. Now, what do you think happens if we change the angle of the mirrors?

Student 2
Student 2

Maybe we see different images!

Teacher
Teacher

Great thought! That’s what we’re going to discover today. Remember the rule: 'the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection'. This will help you understand how many images you could see depending on the angle.

Hands-On Activity with Mirrors

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Teacher
Teacher

Now let's set up our mirrors at a right angle, just like this. Place a coin between them. How many images can you see?

Student 3
Student 3

I can see three images!

Teacher
Teacher

Perfect! When mirrors are set at 90 degrees, you create multiple angles for the light to reflect, resulting in three images. If we change the angle to 60 degrees, how many do you think we will see?

Student 4
Student 4

Maybe four?

Teacher
Teacher

Let’s find out! Remember, the more we try different angles, the more we learn about reflection. This is how we see patterns formed in things like kaleidoscopes.

Angle of Mirrors and Image Formation

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Teacher
Teacher

What happens when we set our mirrors parallel? How many images will we have?

Student 1
Student 1

I think we will see infinite images!

Teacher
Teacher

That's correct! When mirrors are parallel, the light keeps reflecting back and forth, creating endless images. This is why some toys, like kaleidoscopes, can give us beautiful patterns.

Student 2
Student 2

Can we use that principle to make something?

Teacher
Teacher

Absolutely! You can create your own kaleidoscope using this reflection principle.

Real-Life Applications of Reflection

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Teacher
Teacher

Now, let's shift gears and talk about why this is useful. How do we see reflections in everyday life?

Student 3
Student 3

In mirrors at home, or even in cars, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! Reflective surfaces help us see our surroundings. Can anyone think of a device that also uses mirrors?

Student 4
Student 4

What about cameras?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Cameras rely on reflection to capture images, much like how our eyes work. Reflection is everywhere!

Introduction & Overview

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Quick Overview

This section explores how multiple images can be formed by plane mirrors and introduces activities to observe this phenomenon.

Standard

In this section, students engage in activities involving plane mirrors set at various angles to observe the formation of multiple images. The exercises emphasize the relationship between angles and the number of visible reflections, enhancing understanding of light behavior when reflected.

Detailed

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Activity 13.5 Science Class 8th
Activity 13.5 Science Class 8th
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ACTIVITY 13.5 ll CLASS 8 ll SCIENCE ll CHAPTER 13 ll NCERT ll JIGAR SIR
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Grade 8 | Science | Light | Free Tutorial | CBSE | ICSE | State Board
Grade 8 | Science | Light | Free Tutorial | CBSE | ICSE | State Board

Audio Book

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Exploring Multiple Images with Plane Mirrors

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Take two plane mirrors. Set them at right angles to each other with their edges touching. To hinge them you can use adhesive tape. Place a coin in between the mirrors. How many images of the coin do you see? Now hinge the mirrors using the adhesive tape at different angles, say 45°, 60°, 120°, 180° etc. Place some object (say a candle) in between them. Note down the number of images of the object in each case. Finally, set the two mirrors parallel to each other. Find out how many images of a candle placed between them are formed.

Detailed Explanation

In this activity, you will use two plane mirrors to observe how many images of an object can be created. When mirrors are placed at right angles to each other (90 degrees), they reflect the light in such a way that you see multiple copies of the object. By carefully changing the angle between the mirrors, you can notice how the number of reflections changes. For example, when the mirrors are parallel, you will see many images because the light bounces back and forth between them indefinitely.

Examples & Analogies

Think of this like a hall of mirrors in an amusement park, where you can see multiple reflections of yourself. In the same way, the arrangement of mirrors creates several images of the coin or candle, making the activity visual and fun!

Understanding Image Formation

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Can you now explain how you can see the back of your head at the hair dresser’s shop? This idea of number of images formed by mirrors placed at an angle to one another is used in a kaleidoscope to make numerous beautiful patterns.

Detailed Explanation

When you look into a mirror at the hairdresser that is positioned behind you, you are actually seeing the reflection from that mirror, which in turn reflects off other surfaces, allowing you to view the back of your head. This principle of reflection is why when you have two mirrors at certain angles, they create multiple images of the same object. The same concept applies to a kaleidoscope, which uses multiple mirrors to create beautiful patterns through reflections.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine playing with two hand-held mirrors facing each other. If you look into one, you can glimpse a reflection of the reflection which helps you see angles of the back of your head. This is similar to how a kaleidoscope works; as you turn it, the mirrors and colored pieces inside reflect and rotate, making new and intricate patterns each time.

Creating Your Own Kaleidoscope

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Activity 13.6: To make a kaleidoscope, get three rectangular mirror strips each about 15 cm long and 4 cm wide. Join them together to form a prism. Fix this arrangement of mirrors in a circular cardboard tube or tube of thick chart paper. Make sure that the tube is slightly longer than the mirror strips. Close one end of the tube by a cardboard disc having a hole in the centre, through which you can see. At the other end, touching the mirrors, fix a circular plane glass plate. Place on this glass plate several small pieces of coloured glass. Close this end of the tube by a ground glass plate.

Detailed Explanation

To create a kaleidoscope, you first need to make a triangular prism shape using three mirror strips. These mirrors are arranged so that they reflect the light and colored pieces inside. By viewing through a hole at one end, you can see beautiful and changing patterns made by the light reflecting off the mirrors and colored glass pieces.

Examples & Analogies

It’s like looking into a world of magic and color! Just like a pot of colorful beads or flowers looks different when viewed through a glass, a kaleidoscope shows a unique pattern each time you turn it because of the way mirrors reflect the light. This activity lets you create your own little world of colors to enjoy.

Definitions & Key Concepts

Learn essential terms and foundational ideas that form the basis of the topic.

Key Concepts

  • Reflection: The bouncing back of light when it hits a surface.

  • Multiple images: More than one reflection seen from different angles.

  • Angle of incidence = angle of reflection: A fundamental law of optics.

  • Kaleidoscope: A tool that uses reflection to create patterns.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.

Examples

  • When you look into a flat mirror, the reflection you see is an example of regular reflection.

  • In a kaleidoscope, mirrors reflect light to create beautiful patterns.

Memory Aids

Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • Mirrors reflect with such grace, showing our image in space.

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Once upon a time in a land of glass, mirrors reflected everything that came to pass.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • REMEMBER: R - Reflection, E - Equal angles, M - Multiple images, B - Bounce light, E - Enhance vision.

🎯 Super Acronyms

MIRROR - Making Images Reflect, Revealing Our Reality.

Flash Cards

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Glossary of Terms

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  • Term: Angle of Incidence

    Definition:

    The angle between the incident ray and the normal to the reflecting surface.

  • Term: Angle of Reflection

    Definition:

    The angle between the reflected ray and the normal to the reflecting surface.

  • Term: Kaleidoscope

    Definition:

    A device that uses mirrors to produce changing patterns of colors and shapes.

  • Term: Reflection

    Definition:

    The change in direction of a light ray when it strikes a surface.

  • Term: Multiple Images

    Definition:

    Images produced by light reflecting off two or more mirrors.