8. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
This chapter focuses on aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, highlighting their structures, nomenclature, preparation methods, and significant chemical reactions. The properties and uses of these compounds are discussed, emphasizing their importance in organic chemistry and various industrial applications.
Enroll to start learning
You've not yet enrolled in this course. Please enroll for free to listen to audio lessons, classroom podcasts and take practice test.
Sections
Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.
What we have learnt
- Aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids are important classes of carbonyl compounds.
- The reactivity and properties of carbonyl compounds, including nucleophilic addition and oxidation reactions.
- The synthesis methods and the roles of functional groups in determining the characteristics of organic compounds.
Key Concepts
- -- Carbonyl Group
- A functional group composed of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom (>C=O), found in aldehydes and ketones.
- -- Aldol Condensation
- A reaction involving the combination of two aldehydes or ketones having alpha-hydrogens to form beta-hydroxy aldehydes or ketones, which can further dehydrate to form alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.
- -- Cannizzaro Reaction
- A reaction observed for aldehydes without an alpha-hydrogen where one molecule is oxidized to a carboxylic acid and another reduced to an alcohol in the presence of a strong base.
- -- Nomenclature
- The systematic method for naming chemical compounds, including common and IUPAC names for carbonyl compounds.
- -- IUPAC Naming
- The system for naming organic compounds as per the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which includes rules for the formation of names for compounds based on their structure.
Additional Learning Materials
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.