The Transport Layer - Computer Network
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The Transport Layer

The Transport Layer

The Transport Layer is essential in the TCP/IP protocol suite, bridging application-to-application communication. It includes protocols such as TCP and UDP, which fulfill distinct roles by managing logical communication, ensuring reliable data transfer, and optimizing flow and congestion control. The concepts of multiplexing and demultiplexing are integral to identifying the correct application processes using port numbers.

23 sections

Sections

Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.

  1. 4
    The Transport Layer

    The Transport Layer is essential for managing logical communication between...

  2. 4.1
    The Fundamental Role And Core Protocols Of The Transport Layer

    The Transport Layer serves as the bridge between host-to-host delivery and...

  3. 4.1.1
    The Indispensable Role Of The Transport Layer And The End-To-End Principle

    The Transport Layer is essential for establishing logical communication...

  4. 4.1.2
    Transport Layer Protocols: Tcp And Udp - A Comparative Analysis

    This section compares Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram...

  5. 4.1.3
    Process-To-Process Delivery: Multiplexing And Demultiplexing With Port Numbers

    This section discusses how the Transport Layer enables process-to-process...

  6. 4.1.4
    Detailed Header Structures Of Udp And Tcp
  7. 4.2
    Reliable Transmission Over An Unreliable Network

    This section examines how TCP ensures reliable data transfer despite the...

  8. 4.2.1
    The Inherent Challenge: Unreliable Ip

    This section highlights the challenges inherent in the Internet Protocol...

  9. 4.2.2
    Core Mechanisms For Reliable Data Transfer (Rdt)

    This section explores core mechanisms that enable reliable data transfer...

  10. 4.2.3
    Fundamental Reliable Data Transfer (Rdt) Protocols

    This section covers the key RDT protocols, specifically Stop-and-Wait and...

  11. 4.3
    Tcp Connection Setup And Teardown

    This section covers the procedures for establishing and terminating TCP...

  12. 4.3.1
    Tcp Connection Setup: The Three-Way Handshake

    The TCP connection setup involves a three-way handshake process to establish...

  13. 4.3.2
    Tcp Connection Teardown: The Four-Way Handshake

    The TCP connection teardown process involves a systematic four-way...

  14. 4.4
    Flow Control And Congestion Control In Tcp

    This section explores flow control and congestion control mechanisms in TCP,...

  15. 4.4.1
    Tcp Flow Control

    TCP Flow Control is a mechanism designed to prevent a fast sender from...

  16. 4.4.1.1
    Objective And Scope Of Flow Control

    Flow control in TCP is a mechanism that prevents a fast sender from...

  17. 4.4.1.2
    Mechanism In Tcp: The Advertised Receive Window

    The Advertised Receive Window is a crucial component of TCP's flow control...

  18. 4.4.2
    Tcp Congestion Control

    TCP Congestion Control mechanisms prevent network overload, ensuring...

  19. 4.4.2.1
    Objective And Scope Of Congestion Control

    Congestion control aims to prevent network overload and manage traffic...

  20. 4.4.2.2
    Key Differences Between Flow Control And Congestion Control

    Flow control prevents a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver, while...

  21. 4.4.3
    Overview Of Tcp Congestion Control Mechanisms

    TCP congestion control mechanisms adjust the sending rate of data based on...

  22. 4.4.4
    Detailed Tcp Congestion Control Phases And Reactions

    This section explores the various phases and reactions involved in TCP...

  23. 4.4.5
    Tcp Congestion Control: Loss-Based Vs. Delay-Based Control

    This section explores the differences between loss-based and delay-based...

What we have learnt

  • The Transport Layer enables logical communication between application processes on different host systems.
  • TCP provides reliable data transfer through mechanisms like sequence numbers, acknowledgments, flow control, and congestion control.
  • UDP, while faster and simpler, sacrifices reliability for speed, making it suitable for applications requiring low latency.

Key Concepts

-- EndtoEnd Principle
Functions that require knowledge and participation of communication endpoints should be implemented at those endpoints, ensuring reliability and accuracy.
-- Multiplexing
The process of combining data from multiple application processes and passing it to the Network Layer, utilizing a Transport Layer header with source and destination port numbers.
-- Flow Control
A mechanism to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver, ensuring efficient data transmission.
-- Congestion Control
The strategy implemented to prevent network congestion by managing the data injection rate into the network.
-- TCP Connection Management
Includes the procedures for establishing (three-way handshake) and terminating (four-way handshake) a connection between two hosts to synchronize communication.
-- Reliable Data Transfer (RDT)
Protocols ensuring that data is delivered accurately, completely, in the correct order, and without duplication.
-- UDP
User Datagram Protocol, a connectionless protocol that offers minimal transport services without reliability guarantees.
-- TCP
Transmission Control Protocol, a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data transfer through its extensive features.

Additional Learning Materials

Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.