Displacement Mode (30.1.6) - Addressing Modes - Computer Organisation and Architecture - Vol 1
Students

Academic Programs

AI-powered learning for grades 8-12, aligned with major curricula

Professional

Professional Courses

Industry-relevant training in Business, Technology, and Design

Games

Interactive Games

Fun games to boost memory, math, typing, and English skills

Displacement Mode

Displacement Mode

Enroll to start learning

You’ve not yet enrolled in this course. Please enroll for free to listen to audio lessons, classroom podcasts and take practice test.

Practice

Interactive Audio Lesson

Listen to a student-teacher conversation explaining the topic in a relatable way.

Introduction to Displacement Mode

🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson

Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson

0:00
--:--
Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Today, we're going to dive into displacement addressing mode. Can anyone tell me what we mean by 'displacement' in this context?

Student 1
Student 1

Is it when we adjust the memory address or something?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! Displacement involves using two components: an explicit address in memory and a value from a register to calculate an effective address. This is particularly useful for tasks like looping through memory.

Student 2
Student 2

So, does that mean we can access multiple memory locations more easily?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Yes, well said! This allows for efficient data structure manipulation, like arrays. Remember the acronym PEAR for 'Program Counter, Explicit Address, Register' to help recall the core components.

Student 3
Student 3

I like that! PEAR makes it easy to remember!

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Awesome! At the end of this session, we'll summarize how displacement aids in various operations.

Types of Displacement Addressing

🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson

Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson

0:00
--:--
Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Now, let's delve into the types of displacement addressing. Can anyone give an example of relative addressing?

Student 4
Student 4

Isn’t that when we add a value to the program counter?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Correct! Relative addressing utilizes the PC to determine where to go next in the memory. And what about base register addressing?

Student 1
Student 1

That one uses a base address instead of the PC, right?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly! Base registers provide a fixed point in memory to displace from. Great memory aid for this could be BR for 'Base Register'.

Student 2
Student 2

I see how it’s useful for dynamic program locations!

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Indeed! We'll summarize these types and their functions at the end of class.

Practical Applications

🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson

Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson

0:00
--:--
Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Let's talk about practical applications. How does displacement addressing help when we handle arrays?

Student 3
Student 3

I think it allows us to adjust the memory address easily, especially when accessing different array elements.

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

Exactly, with an index register, we can increment the address efficiently. What's a good mnemonic to remember this?

Student 4
Student 4

Maybe something like 'ARRAY - Address Reference Allows Yanking'?

Teacher
Teacher Instructor

That's creative! ARRAY is memorable and highlights that we’re accessing different addresses. We'll encapsulate all relevant examples in our summary.

Introduction & Overview

Read summaries of the section's main ideas at different levels of detail.

Quick Overview

This section covers the concept of displacement addressing mode in computer architecture, focusing on its mechanics and different variations.

Standard

Displacement addressing mode in computer architecture involves using two address fields together: one for the main memory and another for a register. Various types of displacement modes, including relative addressing and base register addressing, are explored with examples illustrating their functionalities.

Detailed

Detailed Summary

Displacement addressing mode is a technique in computer architecture where instructions involve two components to calculate the effective address of an operand. It typically combines an explicit memory address and a content of a register. This method is advantageous for accessing contiguous memory locations, especially in operations like loops and array handling. The section elaborates on four key types of displacement addressing:
1. Relative Addressing: Uses the program counter (PC) as the register. It displaces the PC's current location by a specified value to determine the effective address.
2. Base Register Addressing: Replaces the PC with a base register, allowing displacement from a fixed starting point in memory.
3. Indexed Addressing: Uses a general-purpose register to support indexing for data structures like arrays, where the register value is dynamically adjusted to access different elements.
4. Various Use Cases: The practical applications of these addressing modes are also discussed, illustrating their importance in loop operations, dynamic memory management, and program counter adjustments. The capability of displacement addressing to facilitate efficient computation is highlighted.

Youtube Videos

One Shot of Computer Organisation and Architecture for Semester exam
One Shot of Computer Organisation and Architecture for Semester exam

Audio Book

Dive deep into the subject with an immersive audiobook experience.

Understanding Displacement Mode

Chapter 1 of 5

🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter

Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience

0:00
--:--

Chapter Content

So, those were more static addressing modes, where you refer the address directly. In displacement mode, there are two components used together to determine the effective address. One component is an explicit address in memory, and the other is a register's content that will be added to the first component.

Detailed Explanation

Displacement Mode combines two address components to locate data: one component is a direct memory address, and the other is an offset found in a register. By adding the value of the register to the memory address, you get the effective address where the desired data resides.

Examples & Analogies

Think of it like a treasure map that gives you a starting point (the memory address) and a direction (the register content) that you must follow to find the treasure. For example, if the map says to start at '3' and your register points to '2', you add them together to look in spot '5' for the treasure.

Example of Adding Address Components

Chapter 2 of 5

🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter

Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience

0:00
--:--

Chapter Content

For instance, if the memory location is 3 and the register (say register 4) contains the value 2, then 3 (memory) + 2 (register) gives the effective address of 5.

Detailed Explanation

If you want to access a value in memory but the exact location varies based on a register, you can sum the values to figure out where to go. In this case, you take the memory address '3' and add '2' (from register 4), leading you to the effective address '5'. Here, '5' is where the actual data is stored.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine you are following a recipe that states to go to the pantry (memory), where you always know the third shelf (3), but adds an instruction to move two steps to the right (the register content of 2). Therefore, you actually check the fifth shelf for ingredients!

Advantages of Displacement Mode

Chapter 3 of 5

🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter

Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience

0:00
--:--

Chapter Content

Displacement mode offers notable advantages, particularly in accessing arrays or loop iterations. By adjusting the value in the register, you can easily move through consecutive memory locations.

Detailed Explanation

Using displacement mode allows programs to efficiently handle loops and arrays. For example, if you have ten sequential memory locations to process, you can start at one point and increment the register value to access each subsequent location without changing the instruction itself.

Examples & Analogies

Think of displacement mode like a roller coaster riding through a series of connected loops. Once you reach the start, you can easily move from one loop to the next by simply counting each one (register value) without needing to redesign the entire ride.

Types of Displacement Addressing

Chapter 4 of 5

🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter

Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience

0:00
--:--

Chapter Content

Displacement addressing can take several forms, such as relative addressing, base register addressing, and indexed addressing. Each uses a different register for the displacement calculation depending on the context of the operation.

Detailed Explanation

There are three main types of displacement addressing: Relative addressing uses the Program Counter (PC) to determine the next instruction location; Base Register addressing uses a specified base register; and Indexed addressing uses a general-purpose register, often for working with arrays.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine you are navigating a library. Relative addressing is like starting from the current book you have (PC) and looking for a specific section a certain number of shelves away. Base Register addressing is like having a specific aisle (base register) to begin your search. Lastly, Indexed addressing is like assigning each book an index number on your shelf, to quickly find a specific title by just adding your index number to a starting shelf.

Concrete Examples in Displacement Addressing

Chapter 5 of 5

🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter

Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience

0:00
--:--

Chapter Content

To clarify displacement addressing, consider a concrete example. If the PC points to address 1, and you are trying to access the effective address using relative addressing with an offset of 15, you will add the effective address of 16 to load the data.

Detailed Explanation

When utilizing relative addressing, the effective address is calculated by adding the current value of the Program Counter (PC) to a specified offset. For instance, if the PC is 1 and the offset is 15, you calculate the effective address as 1 + 15 = 16, thereby loading the data found at memory location 16.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine you're in a museum (the PC) and receive instructions to look at an exhibit that is 15 steps ahead. If you're currently at exhibit 1, you just count 15 more steps ahead to reach exhibit 16, where you can find the information you need.

Key Concepts

  • Displacement Addressing: Combining memory location and register value for address calculation.

  • Relative Addressing: Using PC as the address reference.

  • Base Register Addressing: Using a designated base register for effective addressing.

  • Indexed Addressing: Utilizing a general-purpose register for data structure access.

Examples & Applications

Using R4 as a base register and adding 3 to access memory location 6 if R4 equals 3.

Using PC with a value of 5 to load data from the combined address of PC + 5.

Memory Aids

Interactive tools to help you remember key concepts

🎵

Rhymes

In addressing mode, we heap, / Displacement helps us leap; / PC or register, what we choose, / Efficient memory we can't lose.

📖

Stories

Imagine a librarian who wants to find a book in a big library. She uses a shelf number (memory address) plus the marker in her hand (register value) to locate the book quickly, illustrating how displacement addressing helps find specific data.

🧠

Memory Tools

PEAR: Program counter, Explicit Address, Addressing Register.

🎯

Acronyms

BR for Base Register - the solid base to build from!

Flash Cards

Glossary

Displacement Addressing

A mode where an explicit address and a register's value are combined to compute an effective address.

Relative Addressing

Displacement mode using the program counter as the base address.

Base Register Addressing

Displacement mode that uses a base register instead of the program counter.

Indexed Addressing

Displacement mode using a general-purpose register to access array elements.

Reference links

Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.