11.3. Types of Concrete Deterioration

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is a sulfate attack?

   Hint

   Think of sulfate ions in water or soil.

2. 2.

   What occurs during an acid attack?

   Hint

   Consider what happens to metal when exposed to acids.

3. 3.

   What causes sulfate attack in concrete?

   • Chloride ions
   • Sulfate ions
   • Carbon dioxide

   Hint

   Think about which ion is related to sulfate.

4. 4.

   True or False: Acid attacks weaken concrete by dissolving essential compounds.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider the effects of acids.

5. 5.

   A concrete structure is located near a sulfate-rich environment. Describe the factors that could exacerbate sulfate attack and suggest preventative measures.

   Hint

   Consider the environment and how moisture and sulfate interact.

6. 6.

   Analyze the implications of corrosion on a concrete structure subjected to deicing salts during winter. What engineering solutions can be implemented?

   Hint

   Think about how environment and chemicals can lead to structural challenges.