9.13.1. Sulfate Attack

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is sulfate attack?

   Hint

   Think about what sulfates do when they come into contact with concrete.

2. 2.

   Name one source of sulfates.

   Hint

   Consider common substances found around construction sites.

3. 3.

   What harmful compounds form during sulfate attack?

   • Chloride
   • Ettringite
   • Carbonate

   Hint

   Think of the chemical reactions that occur with sulfates.

4. 4.

   True or False: Internal sulfate attack results from sulfates penetrating from external sources.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Remember where the sulfates come from.

5. 5.

   A construction project is located in an area known for high sulfate levels in groundwater. Discuss the properties of materials that should be selected for the project to mitigate sulfate attack.

   Hint

   Consider both the cement and aggregate types used.

6. 6.

   Analyze a case where a concrete structure experienced significant cracking attributed to sulfate attack. Based on your analysis, propose a comprehensive prevention strategy.

   Hint

   Explore structural and material aspects.