Sugarcane Cultivation in India
Sugarcane is categorized as a tropical and subtropical crop that thrives in hot and humid climates. Ideal temperature for sugarcane cultivation ranges between 21°C and 27°C while requiring an annual rainfall of about 75 cm to 100 cm. Irrigation is necessary in regions with less rainfall. The crop is versatile in terms of soil type, making it possible to grow in various environments across India.
India is known for being the second-largest producer of sugarcane globally, following Brazil. The major sugarcane-producing states include Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Punjab, and Haryana. Sugarcane serves as the primary source for sugar, jaggery (
gur), khandsari, and molasses, which hold significant importance in both local consumption and international markets. The cultivation of sugarcane profoundly impacts the rural economy by providing employment opportunities and contributing to the livelihoods of many farmers.