Detailed Summary
In this section, the significance of flora and fauna in maintaining ecological balance is highlighted, with specific focus on the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve. Flora refers to the various plant species, while fauna denotes the animal species found in a particular area. Key examples of flora include sal, teak, and jamun, while fauna includes species such as the giant squirrel and various deer species.
The section addresses the detrimental effects of deforestation, which exacerbates issues such as soil erosion, increased temperatures, and habitat loss for wildlife. Deforestation is attributed to both natural causes (e.g., droughts, forest fires) and human activities (e.g., land clearing for agriculture and urban development).
To counteract these adverse effects, conservation efforts are necessary. The text details protected areas designated for the preservation of biodiversity, including wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, and biosphere reserves. These protected areas prohibit harmful activities such as hunting and logging to sustain ecological balance. Furthermore, the section discusses endemic species—plants and animals unique to specific habitats—and underscores the importance of acknowledging and preserving these species through responsible conservation practices.