12.2.1 CATTLE FARMING

Description

Quick Overview

Cattle farming is primarily practiced for milk production and as draught animals for agricultural activities in India.

Standard

This section delves into cattle farming practices focusing on the two main purposes: milk production and draught work. It covers the nutritional requirements of cattle, the importance of hygiene and proper shelter, as well as the selection and breeding strategies to improve cattle health and productivity.

Detailed

Detailed Summary of Cattle Farming

Cattle farming in India is focused mainly on two aspects: milk production and providing draught animal power for agricultural tasks such as tilling and irrigation. There are two distinct species of cattle: Bos indicus (cows) for milk production, and Bos bubalis (buffaloes) typically used for both milk and draught.

Milk Production:
Milk is produced by milch animals, and its volume can depend on various factors, including the lactation period. Breeds are chosen based on their lactation duration, with exotic breeds like Jersey and Brown Swiss selected for their superior milk yield, while local breeds like Sahiwal are known for disease resilience. Nutritional requirements are crucial, separated into maintenance (healthy life) and milk-producing needs during lactation.

Health Management:
The health of cattle is vital. They can suffer from internal parasites, external parasites, and infectious diseases, thus requiring vaccinations and regular veterinary care to maintain productivity. Adequate shelter is necessary, featuring proper ventilation, dryness, and cleanliness. Balanced nutrition is supplemented with feed additives to maximize health and productivity.

Overall, effective cattle farming methods can contribute significantly to rural economies by ensuring a sustainable source of milk and labor, thus supporting livelihoods.

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Key Concepts

  • Cattle Farming: The practice of raising cattle for milk and draught purposes.

  • Nutritional Needs: Cattle require maintenance and milk-producing rations for health and productivity.

  • Health Management: Preventive measures like vaccinations protect cattle from diseases.

  • Shelter Needs: Good conditions for cattle shelters help maintain their health and well-being.

  • Breeding Practices: Cross-breeding enhances desirable traits like milk yield and disease resistance.

Memory Aids

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • Cattle need shelter and a balanced meal, / For good milk and health, that's the deal!

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Once in a farm, cows named Milky and Brownie were given the best shelter and food, and they produced the creamiest milk, making everyone happy!

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • Remember HEAL for Health, Environment, Adequate Living conditions in cattle farming!

🎯 Super Acronyms

BRICK stands for Breeding, Resistance, Improvement, Consistency, Knowledge for cattle farming excellence.

Examples

  • Cross-breeding between Sahiwal and Jersey breeds can enhance milk production while maintaining disease resistance.

  • A clean and well-ventilated cattle shed helps prevent respiratory diseases in cattle.

Glossary of Terms

  • Term: Bos indicus

    Definition:

    A species of cattle typically found in India, known for milk production.

  • Term: Bos bubalis

    Definition:

    The species of buffalo commonly used for milk and draught purposes.

  • Term: Milch animals

    Definition:

    Cattle specifically raised for milk production.

  • Term: Breeding

    Definition:

    The practice of mating selected livestock to produce desired traits in offspring.

  • Term: Nutrition

    Definition:

    The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

  • Term: Parasites

    Definition:

    Organisms that live on or in a host and benefit while harming the host.

  • Term: Vaccination

    Definition:

    The administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop protection from diseases.

  • Term: Shelter

    Definition:

    A structure that offers protection from weather and other environmental conditions for animals.

  • Term: Crossbreeding

    Definition:

    Mating two different breeds to create a hybrid with desired characteristics.