12.2.3(i) MARINE FISHERIES

Description

Quick Overview

Marine fisheries in India encompass diverse fishing practices and species, emphasizing sustainable aquaculture and fisheries management.

Standard

This section discusses the significance of India's marine fisheries, covering various fish species, fishing techniques, and advancements in aquaculture such as composite fish culture, highlighting the need for sustainable practices to meet the growing demand for fish.

Detailed

Marine Fisheries in India

India possesses extensive marine fishery resources, characterized by a coastline of approximately 7,500 km and rich fish habitats in the deep seas. This section elaborates on the significance of marine fisheries, including the supply of protein through various fish species such as pomfret, mackerel, tuna, and sardines.

Fishing methods in India involve both capture fishing and aquaculture, with technology like satellites and echo-sounders enhancing fishing efficiency. Notably, the practice of composite fish culture allows for a more sustainable approach to aquaculture, utilizing a combination of different fish species that occupy various ecological niches. In this system, species such as Catla, Rohu, and Mrigal are utilized together to maximize the use of pond resources without competition for food.

As fish stocks decline due to overfishing, the importance of sustainable practices, like mariculture, is emphasized to meet escalating demand for seafood. These practices not only address ecological concerns but also aim to improve the self-sufficiency of fish production in the country.

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Key Concepts

  • Composite Fish Culture: A practice of farming multiple fish species together to optimize food resources.

  • Echo-sounders: Instruments that help locate schools of fish in the ocean.

  • Sustainability: Practices aimed at maintaining ecological balance while meeting human needs.

Memory Aids

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • Fish in the sea, swim with glee, aquaculture is the key!

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Imagine a pond filled with colorful fish, each swimming at different levels. They share food and grow healthy together, just like in composite fish culture.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • SUSTAIN: Save Underwater Species Through Aquaculture and Innovative Networks.

🎯 Super Acronyms

FISH

  • Fostering Innovative Sustainable Harvest.

Examples

  • Using echo-sounders and satellite technology to locate fish schools enhances the efficiency of marine fishing operations.

  • Composite fish culture can include species like Catla and Rohu, which occupy different levels of the water column, reducing competition.

Glossary of Terms

  • Term: Marine Fisheries

    Definition:

    Fisheries that involve the catching and farming of fish from marine environments.

  • Term: Aquaculture

    Definition:

    The farming of aquatic organisms including fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and aquatic plants.

  • Term: Composite Fish Culture

    Definition:

    A method of aquaculture involving multiple fish species that do not compete for the same food resources.

  • Term: Mariculture

    Definition:

    The cultivation of marine organisms in their natural habitats, usually for food production.

  • Term: Echosounders

    Definition:

    A type of sonar used in fisheries to locate fish beneath the water surface.