1 - Disaster Recovery and Build Back Better
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Introduction to Build Back Better
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Today we'll start with the concept of 'Build Back Better.' Can anyone explain what this phrase might mean?
Does it mean to rebuild in a way that's better than before?
Exactly! BBB emphasizes not only rebuilding physical structures but also improving social capacities and resilience. We can think of it as improving all aspects of a community, not just infrastructure.
Are there specific phases in this recovery process?
Yes, there are critical phases like 'search and rescue' followed by 'relief.' It’s important to coordinate these efforts effectively, which is often facilitated by organizations working together, often referred to as 'stakeholder coordination.'
How does this coordination happen?
Great question! Coordination often involves a central 'single-door' mechanism where all funds and relief operations are channeled through an organized system to maximize efficiency.
So, BBB is not just about rebuilding but is a more comprehensive strategy?
Yes! It involves a holistic approach, embedding social, economic, and ecological dimensions. This way we prepare communities not just for recovery but for future resilience as well.
To recap, BBB aims for a comprehensive recovery that addresses both the physical and non-physical needs of communities. It's a multi-faceted process that requires cooperation at all levels.
Case Studies in South Asia
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Now, let's transition to how this concept has been applied in real scenarios. Can anyone mention a disaster that required this?
The Nepal earthquake in 2015?
Correct! The Nepal earthquake was devastating. It resulted in significant loss of life and property. The BBB approach was critical for effective recovery here.
What were some impacts of that earthquake?
In terms of human impact, nearly 9,000 lives were lost, and many homes were destroyed. We look at both immediate and long-term recovery efforts following such disasters.
How did their government respond?
They activated their National Emergency Operation Center to coordinate efforts. This response is crucial to manage resources effectively and ensure timely assistance.
So the lessons learned can be applied to future disasters?
Exactly! Each disaster teaches us valuable lessons. By documenting and analyzing recovery efforts, we can build a stronger response framework for the future.
In summary, the Nepal earthquake is a prime example of where the BBB principles were put into practice, and the lessons learned contribute to better preparedness for future disasters.
Frameworks and Challenges
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Let’s discuss frameworks that guide our understanding of BBB. The Sendai Framework is essential here. Can someone state its primary goal?
Is it to reduce disaster risk?
Yes! It focuses on risk reduction and resilience improvement. There are specific prerequisites laid out in this framework that countries must address.
What are some challenges in implementing these frameworks?
There are institutional and resource-related challenges, including the need to develop adequate laws and systems to support BBB efforts.
So it’s about more than just physical recovery?
Exactly! It involves economic assessments and ecological considerations as well, ensuring holistic disaster management.
What role do different agents play in this process?
Various actors, including government and NGOs, collaborate to operationalize the principles of BBB effectively. Making sure that their capabilities align with these goals is crucial!
In summary, frameworks like the Sendai provide structured responses to disasters, but there are multiple challenges in ensuring they are effectively implemented.
Introduction & Overview
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Quick Overview
Standard
The section delves into the principles of 'Build Back Better' (BBB) as a vital framework for disaster recovery, showcasing its implementation through various case studies across South Asia, including the catastrophic 2015 Nepal earthquake. It emphasizes the multidimensional nature of recovery, incorporating social, economic, and environmental dimensions alongside physical rebuilding efforts.
Detailed
Detailed Summary
The section titled "Disaster Recovery and Build Back Better" explores the essential concepts of the 'Build Back Better' (BBB) approach to disaster recovery. Prof. Ram Sateesh discusses the significant 2015 earthquake in Nepal, referencing a comprehensive South Asian disaster report published in 2016. The course highlights various disasters that struck South Asia between 2007 and 2015, including earthquakes, landslides, floods, and cyclones across Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
This detailed examination reveals commonalities in socio-economic conditions, cultural contexts, and disaster response challenges faced by these countries. In particular, the section emphasizes:
- Understanding BBB: The evolution of the BBB framework post-2004 Tsunami, signifying a holistic approach to reconstruction that integrates physical, social, and economic elements.
- Phases of Recovery: The initial search, rescue, and relief operations in Nepal highlighting essential coordination among governmental and non-governmental organizations.
- Importance of Multi-Layered Recovery: Addressing institutional, legislative, and resource challenges during recovery processes, which this report benchmarks against the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction with its defined prerequisites.
Through multiple case studies, key themes regarding resilience and community capacity building are also explored, illustrating how future disasters can be better managed using the lessons learned from past experiences.
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Introduction to Build Back Better in Nepal
Chapter 1 of 8
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Chapter Content
Welcome to the course, disaster recovery and build back better. My name is Ram Sateesh. I am an assistant professor in Department of Architecture and Planning, IIT Roorkee. Today, we are going to discuss about build back better in the case of Nepal recovery.
Detailed Explanation
In this introductory segment, Professor Ram Sateesh outlines the focus of the course, which is on disaster recovery frameworks, specifically the concept of 'Build Back Better' (BBB) related to Nepal's recovery from disasters. The BBB concept emphasizes the need to not only restore what was lost during a disaster but to improve upon it in such a way that reduces vulnerability to future disasters.
Examples & Analogies
Think of rebuilding your house after a fire. Instead of simply fixing what was damaged, BBB encourages you to use fire-resistant materials and improve safety measures so that the new structure is more resilient to future fires.
Source of Lessons: The South Asian Disaster Report
Chapter 2 of 8
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Chapter Content
So, whatever I am going to discuss with you today, it will be from the South Asian disaster report which was published in 2016 and these about the BBB the build back better and how different case studies are able to produce different lessons.
Detailed Explanation
Professor Sateesh refers to a significant publication titled the South Asian Disaster Report (2016) as the basis for the discussion. The report contains various case studies on disasters in South Asia, including Nepal, and yields important lessons on how to effectively apply the BBB principles in rebuilding efforts following such events.
Examples & Analogies
Imagine a cookbook that not only provides recipes but also shares experiences of chefs who faced challenges; you learn from both the recipes and the stories, improving your own cooking skills in the process.
Understanding 'Build Back Better'
Chapter 3 of 8
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Chapter Content
Before this there have been some event which happened in Delhi and School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi also have been part of this and initially this report discusses about the jargon on similarities and dissimilarities of a build back better, the notion of build back better.
Detailed Explanation
This section discusses the complexities of the BBB concept and how different terms can convey varying meanings. Professor Sateesh emphasizes understanding these nuances to appreciate the effectiveness of BBB in disaster recovery efforts.
Examples & Analogies
Consider the difference between 'building back better' and 'back to building better.' The former means improvements in safety and resilience, while the latter could imply just returning to previous standards, which may not be sufficient for future risks.
Key Concepts of Build Back Better
Chapter 4 of 8
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Chapter Content
The first concept: back to building better; it refers to the baseline conditions that is a regular building practice with or without a disaster. The second concept: better building back; this talks about a sense of urgency to build back.
Detailed Explanation
Here, Professor Sateesh elaborates on two key interpretations of the BBB concept. The first, 'back to building better,' signifies reliance on prior building standards. The second, 'better building back,' emphasizes the urgency of recovery to maintain community resilience, asserting that delays can further weaken affected communities.
Examples & Analogies
It’s like trying to run a race; if you go back to the start line (baseline conditions), you risk falling behind, but rushing to the finish line (urgency) can lead to mistakes. The right balance ensures you finish strong and ready for future challenges.
Holistic Approach to Recovery
Chapter 5 of 8
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Chapter Content
The third concept... it is not just in the physical sense... but in a more complete sense incorporating other social dimensions of recovery.
Detailed Explanation
This section emphasizes that recovery must be holistic, integrating social, economic, and cultural dimensions alongside physical reconstruction. It stresses that building capacity, trust, and cooperation within communities is as crucial as rebuilding infrastructure.
Examples & Analogies
Imagine a community garden: if you only plant flowers (physical infrastructure) but ignore the need for community involvement (social dimension), the garden won’t thrive. It requires both beautiful plants and active members working together to grow successfully.
The Role of the Sendai Framework
Chapter 6 of 8
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Chapter Content
This is how we call it as BBB... the intention of this is we have to use a holistic approach towards reconstruction recovery...
Detailed Explanation
The discussion connects BBB to the Sendai Framework, a global initiative aimed at improving disaster resilience. It highlights that the implementation of BBB principles should address physical, social, and economic recovery needs, creating comprehensive resilience in communities affected by disasters.
Examples & Analogies
Think of planning a community event; you don’t just reserve a space (physical recovery). You also plan activities (social recovery) and budget for supplies (economic recovery). Each part supports the overall success of the event, making it more resilient to challenges.
Components of the Sendai Framework
Chapter 7 of 8
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Chapter Content
In order to improve resilience each and every nation has to incorporate certain action plans in order to address these 16 prerequisites...
Detailed Explanation
Professor Sateesh outlines that the Sendai Framework consists of 16 prerequisites grouped into themes, focusing on governance, economy, ecology, and social safety nets, which are essential for effective disaster recovery and resilience-building.
Examples & Analogies
Imagine piecing together a puzzle; each prerequisite is a puzzle piece that fits together to form a complete picture of resilience. Every piece is necessary to see the full image of safety and recovery after a disaster.
The Necessity of Safety Nets
Chapter 8 of 8
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Chapter Content
Safety nets and essential services... why we are talking about the safety nets and health because most of these affected are the poor...
Detailed Explanation
This chunk focuses on the importance of providing safety nets, such as health care and shelter, which are crucial for vulnerable populations affected by disasters. It highlights that support must target those with limited access to essential services and needs.
Examples & Analogies
Consider a safety net for a trapeze artist; it catches them if they fall. Similarly, in disaster situations, a well-structured safety net helps ensure that the most vulnerable populations are not left unsupported when disasters strike.
Key Concepts
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Build Back Better: A framework for improving recovery post-disaster.
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Holistic Recovery: Incorporating physical, social, and economic dimensions.
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Nepal Earthquake 2015: A critical case study highlighting BBB principles.
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Sendai Framework: A guide for disaster risk reduction and resilience.
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Stakeholder Coordination: Collaboration among agencies for effective response.
Examples & Applications
The application of BBB principles in the recovery following the Nepal earthquake in 2015.
Use of stakeholder coordination among NGOs and government agencies for effective disaster response.
Memory Aids
Interactive tools to help you remember key concepts
Rhymes
After the quake, don't just build, make it great; improve the state, don't hesitate.
Stories
Once in Nepal, a fierce quake hit. The villagers gathered to repair their home bit by bit. But as they rebuilt, they decided to innovate, weaving stronger ties and a community betterment fate.
Memory Tools
R.E.S.I.L.I.E.N.T: Rebuild, Engage, Strengthen Infrastructure, Leverage Inclusive Engagement, Navigate Together.
Acronyms
B.B.B
Build Better
Balance needs
Build community trust.
Flash Cards
Glossary
- Build Back Better (BBB)
A concept aimed at improving recovery from disasters by integrating physical, social, and economic dimensions.
- Recovery Phases
Stages of disaster response and recovery including search, rescue, relief, and reconstruction.
- Sendai Framework
A global framework aimed at disaster risk reduction, with priorities set to enhance resilience.
- Stakeholder Coordination
The collaboration between various organizations and agencies to facilitate effective disaster response.
- Resilience
The capacity of a community to recover quickly from difficulties or disasters.
Reference links
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.
- Build Back Better: Principles and Strategies
- Nepal Earthquake 2015
- Understanding Disaster Recovery: Lessons from South Asia
- The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
- Community Resilience in Disaster Recovery
- Lessons Learned from the Nepal Earthquake
- Disaster Recovery Planning
- Enhancing Resilience in Disaster Management
- Disaster Management in South Asia