2.1. Box Model Application

Try these first

1. 1.

   What does 'flux' refer to in environmental science?

   Hint

   Think about how substances move between different sections in a box model.

2. 2.

   Define DNAPL.

   Hint

   Consider the properties of substances relative to water.

3. 3.

   What does DNAPL stand for?

   • Dense Nitrile Phase Liquid
   • Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid
   • Dilute Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

   Hint

   Focus on the density characteristic of the fluid.

4. 4.

   Are mass transfer coefficients constant across different environments?

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider the variables involved in different scenarios.

5. 5.

   A barge spills DNAPL in a river with a concentration of 10 g/L in the sediment. If the water concentration must remain below 1 g/L to avoid ecological damage, calculate the allowable flux using a mass transfer coefficient of 0.5 cm/h.

   Hint

   Be sure to clarify what V* and V represent in this context.

6. 6.

   Discuss how different temperatures might affect the mass transfer coefficient when modeling a spill. Give examples of how real-world consequences might differ based on temperature changes.

   Hint

   Consider how physical principles of fluid dynamics apply in your discussion.