5.1. Scaling Laws in Mass Transfer

Try these first

1. 1.

   Define DNAPL.

   Hint

   Think about its behavior when spilled in water.

2. 2.

   What does flux measure in environmental terms?

   Hint

   It’s about flow per unit area.

3. 3.

   What does DNAPL stand for?

   • Dense Natural Aqueous Phase Liquid
   • Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid
   • Dilute Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

   Hint

   Focus on the density aspect.

4. 4.

   True or False: Flux is the rate of contaminant movement from water to sediment.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Think about the direction of flow.

5. 5.

   A river has a DNAPL spill and a flux of 20 kg/m²/h is estimated. If the concentration in sediment is 100 mg/L and in water is 10 mg/L, calculate the mass transfer coefficient.

   Hint

   Remember to convert units if necessary.

6. 6.

   Discuss the approach you would take if the wind speed changes significantly while assessing evaporation coefficients from a lake.

   Hint

   What happens to the mass transfer rate as wind speed increases?