16.3. Types of Flow

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is subcritical flow characterized by?

   Hint

   Think of the relationship between flow speed and wave speed.

2. 2.

   Define critical flow.

   Hint

   What happens to flow speed relative to wave speed in this state?

3. 3.

   What Froude number indicates supercritical flow?

   • < 1
   • = 1
   • > 1

   Hint

   Remember the definition of Froude number.

4. 4.

   True or False: Critical flow occurs when the Froude number is less than 1.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   What defines critical flow?

5. 5.

   Given a flow depth of 3m and a flow velocity of 8m/s, calculate the Froude number and determine if the flow is subcritical, critical, or supercritical.

   Hint

   Use the formula for Froude number and substitute values for V, g, and y.

6. 6.

   Analyze a channel with a hydraulic jump, where upstream the flow depth is 4m and velocity is 12m/s. Calculate the downstream conditions if energy loss is 1.5m.

   Hint

   Compute energies at both ends and solve for flow depth at downstream using energy equations.