18.2.4. Combination Method (Penman Method)

Try these first

1. 1.

   What does the Penman Method estimate?

   Hint

   Think about the purpose of estimating evaporation.

2. 2.

   Name one factor required for the Penman Method.

   Hint

   Consider the environmental data necessary for evaporation estimation.

3. 3.

   What method combines energy and aerodynamic factors for estimating evaporation?

   • A) Pan Method
   • B) Penman Method
   • C) Energy Budget Method

   Hint

   Think about methods that involve more than one type of factor.

4. 4.

   True or False: The Penman Method requires data on net radiation.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Recall the key data needed for estimation.

5. 5.

   A reservoir in a low-humidity region has a net radiation of 500 W/m², air temperature of 30°C, humidity at 40%, and wind speed at 5 m/s. Calculate the expected evaporation rate using the Penman Method given you have all necessary coefficients.

   Hint

   Look at how each factor contributes to the overall calculation.

6. 6.

   Discuss how different climatic conditions such as high temperatures or increased wind speeds might skew the results of the Penman Method.

   Hint

   Consider how each factor operates in the system as you analyze the conditions.