Abstractions from Precipitation - Hydrology & Water Resources Engineering
Students

Academic Programs

AI-powered learning for grades 8-12, aligned with major curricula

Professional

Professional Courses

Industry-relevant training in Business, Technology, and Design

Games

Interactive Games

Fun games to boost memory, math, typing, and English skills

Abstractions from Precipitation

Abstractions from Precipitation

This chapter discusses abstraction processes in the hydrologic cycle, specifically focusing on evaporation, interception, and infiltration. It provides insights into measurement techniques and methods for estimating evaporation and evapotranspiration. Techniques for reducing reservoir evaporation and the classification of infiltration capacities are also covered, emphasizing their importance for water resource management and irrigation planning.

28 sections

Enroll to start learning

You've not yet enrolled in this course. Please enroll for free to listen to audio lessons, classroom podcasts and take practice test.

Sections

Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.

  1. 1
    Evaporation Process

    The evaporation process involves the transformation of water from liquid to...

  2. 1.1
    Factors Affecting Evaporation

    This section discusses the various factors influencing the evaporation...

  3. 2
    Evaporimeters

    Evaporimeters are devices used to measure evaporation from open water...

  4. 2.1
    Common Types

    This section covers the various forms of precipitation abstractions like...

  5. 3
    Analytical Methods For Estimating Evaporation

    This section covers various analytical methods for estimating evaporation,...

  6. 4
    Reservoir Evaporation And Its Reduction

    This section outlines methods to reduce reservoir evaporation, which...

  7. 4.1
    Techniques To Reduce Reservoir Evaporation

    This section discusses various methods to minimize evaporation loss from...

  8. 4.1.1
    Surface Cover Methods

    Surface cover methods are strategies to reduce evaporation loss from...

  9. 4.1.2

    Wind breaks serve as protective barriers that can significantly reduce...

  10. 4.1.3
    Water Storage In Underground Tanks / Small Reservoirs

    This section discusses the importance of water storage in underground tanks...

  11. 5
    Evapotranspiration

    Evapotranspiration encompasses both evaporation from soil and water surfaces...

  12. 5.1

    This section discusses the various types of abstractions from precipitation,...

  13. 6
    Measurement Of Evapotranspiration

    This section discusses methods for measuring evapotranspiration,...

  14. 6.1
    Direct Methods

    This section explores direct methods for measuring evapotranspiration in...

  15. 6.2
    Indirect/analytical Methods

    This section covers indirect and analytical methods for estimating...

  16. 7
    Evapotranspiration Equations

    This section covers the FAO Penman-Monteith Equation, used to calculate...

  17. 8
    Potential And Actual Evapotranspiration In India

    This section examines the concepts of potential and actual...

  18. 9
    Interception

    Interception refers to the rainfall stored on vegetative surfaces which...

  19. 10
    Depression Storage

    Depression storage refers to the retention of water in small surface...

  20. 11
    Infiltration

    Infiltration is the process that involves water entering the soil surface,...

  21. 11.1
    Factors Affecting Infiltration

    This section explores the various factors affecting infiltration, the...

  22. 12
    Infiltration Capacity

    Infiltration capacity refers to the maximum rate at which soil can absorb...

  23. 12.1
    Measured Using

    This section discusses the various abstractions from precipitation, focusing...

  24. 13
    Modeling Infiltration Capacity

    This section details the various empirical models used for modeling...

  25. 13.1
    Common Empirical Models

    This section discusses various empirical models used to estimate evaporation...

  26. 14
    Classification Of Infiltration Capacities

    This section classifies infiltration capacities based on soil types and...

  27. 15
    Infiltration Indices

    Infiltration indices quantify average losses due to infiltration, crucial...

  28. 16

    The section covers key abstraction processes in the hydrologic cycle,...

What we have learnt

  • Abstractions from precipitation do not contribute to surface runoff due to various processes.
  • Measurement and estimation methods for evaporation and evapotranspiration are crucial for effective water resource management.
  • Infiltration capacity influences runoff and is affected by various soil and environmental factors.

Key Concepts

-- Evaporation
The process of water changing from liquid to vapor, primarily from open water, soil, and vegetation.
-- Evapotranspiration
The combined process of evaporation from soil and water surfaces and transpiration from plant surfaces.
-- Infiltration
The process by which water enters the soil surface.
-- Potential Evapotranspiration (PET)
The maximum loss of water from a surface under ideal moisture conditions.
-- Actual Evapotranspiration (AET)
The actual amount of water lost from the soil and surfaces under prevailing conditions.

Additional Learning Materials

Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.