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1.4.5 - Judicial Powers

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Impeachment of the President

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Teacher
Teacher

Let’s begin with the process of impeachment of the President. Can anyone describe what impeachment means?

Student 1
Student 1

Isn't it when the President can be removed from office?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Impeachment is a formal process which requires a two-thirds majority in both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, usually as a result of violation of the Constitution. Why do you think this process is essential?

Student 2
Student 2

It ensures that the President behaves according to the laws, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! This is crucial as it maintains the integrity of the office. Remember the acronym I-M-P-E-A-C-H for Impeachment Mechanism Power Executive Accountability and Checks on Honor. Now, what happens if the President is impeached?

Student 3
Student 3

The Vice-President takes over until a new election?

Teacher
Teacher

Not quite, the President is removed, and a new election is conducted to appoint a new President. This ensures the continuity of leadership.

Removal of Judges

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Teacher
Teacher

Next, let’s look at the removal of judges. What do you think is the reason Parliament has this power?

Student 4
Student 4

To ensure judges are honest and carry out justice?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Parliament can remove Supreme Court and High Court judges for proven misbehavior through a rigorous process. It helps maintain judicial accountability. Can someone explain how this process is conducted?

Student 1
Student 1

There’s a detailed procedure that involves both Houses, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! Judiciary stability is critical to the rule of law. Remember the mnemonic R-E-M-O-V-E for Removal of Errant Members through Oversight Validation and Examination.

Student 2
Student 2

What happens if judges are not removed even after misconduct?

Teacher
Teacher

This can lead to a lack of trust in the judicial system, so impeachment serves as a critical safeguard.

Actions Against Constitutional Authorities

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Teacher
Teacher

Lastly, let's discuss the power to act against constitutional authorities. Why do you think this is necessary?

Student 3
Student 3

It ensures that constitutional powers don’t exceed their limits?

Teacher
Teacher

Absolutely! This power allows Parliament to maintain checks and balances. Can you give an example of a constitutional authority?

Student 4
Student 4

The Election Commission?

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! If an authority like the Election Commission fails in its duty, Parliament can initiate action. Keep in mind the acronym C-O-N-T-R-O-L for Constitutional Oversight Negates Tendency of Rogue Officials and Leaders.

Student 1
Student 1

So, it adds another layer of governance?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! This reinforces the effectiveness of governance and rule of law in our democracy.

Introduction & Overview

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Quick Overview

Judicial powers allow the Union Parliament to impeach the President and remove judges, ensuring accountability within the judiciary.

Standard

The judicial powers of the Union Parliament include the ability to impeach the President of India and to remove Supreme Court and High Court judges, as well as to act against constitutional authorities. These powers are vital for maintaining checks and balances within the political system.

Detailed

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Audio Book

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Impeachment of the President

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● Can impeach the President

Detailed Explanation

This power allows the Union Parliament to remove the President from office. Impeachment is a process defined in the Constitution where the President can be removed for violation of the Constitution or other serious offenses. The process requires a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Parliament—Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha—making it a significant power that holds the highest official accountable.

Examples & Analogies

Think of impeachment like a school board reviewing a principal's behavior. If the principal is found guilty of misconduct, the school board can vote to remove them from their position, ensuring that leaders are held to high ethical standards.

Removal of Judges

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● Can remove judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts

Detailed Explanation

The Union Parliament holds the authority to remove judges from the Supreme Court and High Courts if they are found guilty of misconduct or incapacity. This process, like impeachment, requires a significant parliamentary majority to ensure that judges can only be removed through thorough scrutiny. This serves to maintain the integrity of the judiciary and prevent abuses of power.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine a coach who selects athletes for a team. If an athlete consistently breaks the rules or behaves poorly, the coach may decide to remove them to uphold the team's standards. Similarly, Parliament ensures that judges adhere to ethical conduct, protecting the judicial system's integrity.

Action Against Constitutional Authorities

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● Can act against other constitutional authorities

Detailed Explanation

This power allows the Union Parliament to take action against other officials or entities within the government that violate laws or behave improperly. This includes officials such as the Comptroller and Auditor General, among others. The Parliament evaluates their actions to ensure they are performing their duties correctly and can impose consequences when necessary.

Examples & Analogies

Think of this like a governing board overseeing various departments in a company. If a department head fails to meet performance standards, the board can step in, conduct investigations, and take necessary actions to either provide corrective measures or remove the head to maintain the organization's efficiency.

Definitions & Key Concepts

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Key Concepts

  • Impeachment: A process for removing the President.

  • Judicial Removal: Authority to remove judges to ensure accountability.

  • Constitutional Authority: Power to take action against officials within the constitutional framework.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

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Examples

  • The impeachment of President Bill Clinton by the U.S. Congress serves as an example of the impeachment process.

  • In India, the removal of Justice Soumendra Kumar Dutta illustrates the accountability of judges.

Memory Aids

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🎵 Rhymes Time

  • Impeach the chief if he misbehaves, a process that Parliament bravely paves.

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • In a kingdom, the ruler forgot the law. The wise council met to impeach, they saw it was a flaw.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • R-E-M-O-V-E: Removal of Errant Members through Oversight Validation and Examination.

🎯 Super Acronyms

C-O-N-T-R-O-L

  • Constitutional Oversight Negates Tendency of Rogue Officials and Leaders.

Flash Cards

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Glossary of Terms

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  • Term: Impeachment

    Definition:

    The process by which a legislative body can remove an executive or judicial officer for misconduct.

  • Term: Judicial Removal

    Definition:

    The act of removing judges from office for proven misbehavior or incapacity.

  • Term: Constitutional Authority

    Definition:

    An entity or individual holding a designated power or responsibility as defined by the constitution.