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ICSE Class 11 Biotechnology
Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in organisms, focusing on how traits are inherited and the role of different genes. It encompasses theories and laws formulated by Gregor Mendel, the structure and function of DNA, and genetic disorders. Advances in genetic engineering present new possibilities but also raise ethical concerns regarding genetic manipulation.
Course Chapters
Introduction to Biotechnology
Biotechnology merges biological systems with technology to develop products enhancing human life across various fields including medicine and agriculture. It has historical roots extending back to ancient practices like fermentation, evolving into modern applications such as genetic engineering and bioprocessing. Ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks shape the responsible use of biotechnology, which holds great promise for future advancements in personalized medicine and sustainable practices.
Cell Biology
Cells, the fundamental units of life, vary in structure and function, encompassing both prokaryotic and eukaryotic types. Key cellular processes, including cell division, communication, and energy production, underscore their importance in the overall functioning of living organisms.
Biomolecules and Related Techniques
Biomolecules are organic molecules critical for life, encompassing proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. These biomolecules serve various functions such as energy provision, structural support, and information storage, and their analysis involves techniques like chromatography, electrophoresis, and PCR. The chapter highlights the roles of biomolecules in biotechnology, including applications in medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation.
Developmental Biology and Immunology
Developmental biology examines the growth and differentiation processes in organisms, focusing on how specialized cells and tissues form during embryonic development. Immunology studies the immune system's functions in defending against pathogens and recognizing malignancies. Together, these fields are critical for advancing therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine and immune-based treatments.
Genetics
Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in organisms, focusing on how traits are inherited and the role of different genes. It encompasses theories and laws formulated by Gregor Mendel, the structure and function of DNA, and genetic disorders. Advances in genetic engineering present new possibilities but also raise ethical concerns regarding genetic manipulation.