5. Genetics
Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in organisms, focusing on how traits are inherited and the role of different genes. It encompasses theories and laws formulated by Gregor Mendel, the structure and function of DNA, and genetic disorders. Advances in genetic engineering present new possibilities but also raise ethical concerns regarding genetic manipulation.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Genetics explains hereditary processes and the variation of traits.
- Mendel's laws laid the foundation for modern genetics, including concepts of segregation and independent assortment.
- Understanding the structure of DNA is crucial for comprehending gene expression and mutations.
Key Concepts
- -- Genetics
- The branch of biology that studies heredity, genes, and variation in organisms.
- -- Genotype
- The genetic constitution of an organism, determined by the alleles inherited from both parents.
- -- Phenotype
- The observable characteristics of an organism as influenced by its genotype and environment.
- -- Mendel's Laws
- The laws of inheritance based on Mendel's experiments, including the Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment, and Law of Dominance.
- -- Mutations
- Changes in the DNA sequence that can affect gene function and lead to genetic disorders.
- -- Genetic Engineering
- Manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology to modify its genetic material.
Additional Learning Materials
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.