12. Recursion
Recursion is a programming technique where functions call themselves to solve smaller instances of a problem, breaking down complex issues into manageable parts. Key concepts include the base case, which halts recursion, and the recursive case, where the function calls itself. While recursion simplifies problem-solving for hierarchical structures, performance issues such as stack overflow may arise, necessitating careful consideration.
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What we have learnt
- Recursion involves a function calling itself to divide problems into smaller sub-problems.
- A base case is essential to prevent infinite recursion, while the recursive case is where further calls occur.
- Though useful for hierarchical tasks, recursion can lead to performance challenges due to stack space consumption.
Key Concepts
- -- Recursion
- A programming method where a function solves a problem by calling itself with smaller instances.
- -- Base Case
- A condition that stops further recursive calls.
- -- Recursive Case
- The segment of the function that calls itself with a modified argument.
- -- Stack Overflow
- An error that occurs when too many recursive calls overload the call stack.
- -- Memoization
- A technique to optimize recursive function calls by storing previously computed values.
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