1. Origin and Development of Sociology and Anthropology
The chapter explores the origins, development, and significance of sociology and anthropology as academic disciplines. It highlights key thinkers who shaped these fields, the evolution of theoretical perspectives, and the relevance of both disciplines in addressing contemporary social issues. The interrelationship between sociology and anthropology is emphasized, illustrating their complementary roles in understanding human behavior and societal dynamics.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Sociology is the scientific study of society and human behavior, while anthropology focuses on human cultures and biological development.
- Key figures such as Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max Weber were instrumental in the formation of sociological thought.
- The two disciplines have evolved to address modern societal challenges, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in social science research.
Key Concepts
- -- Sociology
- The scientific study of society, social relationships, and human behavior.
- -- Anthropology
- The study of human beings, including their cultures and biological aspects.
- -- Positivism
- A philosophical approach that emphasizes the scientific method and empirical data in studying social phenomena.
- -- Structural Functionalism
- A sociological perspective that views society as a system of interrelated parts contributing to its stability.
- -- Conflict Theory
- A theoretical framework that emphasizes the role of power and inequality in shaping social structures.
- -- Symbolic Interactionism
- A theory that focuses on how individuals create and interpret symbols in social interactions.
- -- Cultural Relativism
- The principle of understanding cultures in their own context without judgment.
Additional Learning Materials
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