1. Basic Concepts of Economics
Economics studies the allocation of limited resources to satisfy unlimited wants, focusing on the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Key economic terms include wants, needs, scarcity, choice, and resources, while the main economic problems involve what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce. Furthermore, different types of resources and basic economic activities such as production, consumption, and exchange are outlined. The concept of opportunity cost is introduced as the value of the next best alternative forgone in decision-making.
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What we have learnt
- Economics examines how societies allocate scarce resources to meet human wants.
- Basic economic activities include production, consumption, distribution, and exchange.
- Opportunity cost is an important concept representing the value of the next best alternative in decision-making.
Key Concepts
- -- Economics
- The study of how individuals, businesses, and governments allocate limited resources to satisfy unlimited wants.
- -- Scarcity
- The limited availability of resources to meet unlimited wants.
- -- Opportunity Cost
- The value of the next best alternative forgone when a choice is made.
- -- Resources
- Inputs used to produce goods and services, which can be natural, human, or man-made.
- -- Basic Economic Problems
- The three fundamental issues faced by every economy: what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce.
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