ICSE 9 Geography | 2. Structure of the Earth by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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2. Structure of the Earth

2. Structure of the Earth

The Earth's internal structure is composed of three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core. Each layer has distinct characteristics, such as composition, state, and temperature. Various methods, including seismic wave analysis and volcanic activity, are utilized to study these layers, providing insights into geological events like earthquakes and volcanoes, as well as the distribution of natural resources.

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  1. 2
    Structure Of The Earth

    The Earth comprises three main layers—crust, mantle, and core—each with...

  2. 2.1
    Introduction

    The Earth has a layered internal structure that is essential for...

  3. 2.2
    Layers Of The Earth

    The Earth consists of three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core, each...

  4. 2.2.1
    Crust (Lithosphere)

    The crust, or lithosphere, is the Earth's outermost layer, composed of solid...

  5. 2.2.2

    The mantle is the Earth’s thick layer situated below the crust and composed...

  6. 2.2.2.1
    Upper Mantle

    The upper mantle is a semi-solid layer beneath the Earth's crust, crucial...

  7. 2.2.2.2
    Lower Mantle

    The lower mantle is a solid layer of the Earth located beneath the upper...

  8. 2.2.3
    Core

    The core is the Earth's innermost layer, primarily composed of iron and...

  9. 2.2.3.1

    The outer core is the liquid layer surrounding the inner core of the Earth,...

  10. 2.2.3.2

    The inner core is the Earth's deepest layer, consisting of solid iron and...

  11. 2.3
    Characteristics Of Earth's Layers

    This section outlines the three main layers of the Earth, discussing their...

  12. 2.4
    Earth’s Interior Study Methods

    Scientists utilize various indirect methods to study the Earth's interior...

  13. 2.5
    Importance Of Understanding Earth's Structure

    Understanding Earth's structure is vital for explaining geological phenomena...

What we have learnt

  • The Earth has a layered structure consisting of the crust, mantle, and core.
  • Seismic waves, volcanic eruptions, and meteorite studies are key methods for understanding the Earth's interior.
  • Grasping the structure of the Earth is crucial for predicting natural disasters and locating resources.

Key Concepts

-- Crust
The outermost solid layer of the Earth, composed of rocks, and divided into tectonic plates.
-- Mantle
The layer below the crust, made of semi-solid silicate rocks, contributing to tectonic plate movement.
-- Core
The innermost layer of the Earth, composed mainly of iron and nickel, divided into outer (liquid) and inner (solid) core.
-- Seismic Waves
Waves produced by earthquakes, which provide information about the Earth's internal structure through their behavior in solids and liquids.
-- Plate Tectonics
A theory that explains the movement of the Earth's plates, leading to geological phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic activity.

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