9. Advanced Topics and Emerging Trends in Low Power Design
The chapter discusses the innovations and methodologies in low power design, focusing on technologies such as Near-Threshold Computing and Energy Harvesting. It highlights the importance of machine learning, new materials, ultra-low power memory innovations, chiplet integration, and security measures in modern electronics. The future of semiconductor design is portrayed as a convergence of advanced devices and intelligent systems aimed at extreme energy efficiency.
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What we have learnt
- Near-threshold and subthreshold logic enable ultra-low energy devices.
- AI-based power control and in-memory computing are redefining efficiency.
- GAAFETs, chiplets, and heterogeneous packaging are reshaping SoC design.
- Reliability, security, and robustness must scale alongside power optimizations.
Key Concepts
- -- NearThreshold Computing (NTC)
- A design methodology that operates circuits at voltages near the transistor threshold to achieve energy efficiency while maintaining acceptable performance.
- -- Subthreshold Computing
- A technique that operates devices below their threshold voltage, using leakage currents for function, enabling ultra-low power consumption suitable for applications like biomedical sensors.
- -- Energy Harvesting
- Technology that captures ambient energy from environmental sources like light and vibration to power electronic systems.
- -- Machine Learning for Power Optimization
- The use of AI models to predict workloads and optimize power usage dynamically in semiconductor devices.
- -- GateAllAround FETs (GAAFETs)
- An advanced transistor design providing improved control and efficiency over FinFETs, especially in ultra-low power applications.
- -- InMemory Computing (IMC)
- A computational method that integrates memory and logic within the same chip architecture to reduce energy consumption associated with data movement.
- -- Chiplet Integration
- A design approach that allows different chips (logic, memory, I/O) to be combined in various configurations for improved performance and power efficiency.
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