17.2. Gradient

Try these first

1. 1.

   What does the term 'gradient' refer to in road design?

   Hint

   Think about direction relative to horizontal.

2. 2.

   What symbol is used to denote a positive gradient?

   Hint

   It represents an ascent.

3. 3.

   What is the gradient representation for a flat road?

   • +n
   • -n
   • 0

   Hint

   Consider the definition of +n and -n.

4. 4.

   True or False: Ruling gradients are always used in all road designs regardless of terrain conditions.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Think about how costs and terrain affect design choices.

5. 5.

   Given a stretch of highway with a ruling gradient limitation of 5%, design a section that includes both creeper lanes and grade compensation for a curve. Include calculations for placement.

   Hint

   Consider expected traffic flow when determining merging points.

6. 6.

   Design a profile for a new highway segment that includes at least two different gradient types, outlining the reasons for each type and how they comply with IRC guidelines.

   Hint

   Assess how terrain influences gradient choice in your design.