17.2.3. Types of gradient

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is a ruling gradient?

   Hint

   Think about its role in vehicle movement.

2. 2.

   What is the main purpose of a minimum gradient?

   Hint

   Consider water flow.

3. 3.

   What is the ruling gradient in road design?

   • The maximum gradient designers aim for
   • The minimum gradient for drainage
   • An exceptional gradient for steep hills

   Hint

   Think about safety.

4. 4.

   True or False: Exceptional gradients are for general road design.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   What does 'exceptional' imply?

5. 5.

   Given a hilly construction site, calculate the maximum safe gradient for heavy vehicles while ensuring drainage.

   Hint

   Think about both factors together.

6. 6.

   You are designing a road for a mountainous region and need to justify your choices for using exceptional gradients.

   Hint

   What justifies the need for shorter segments?