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CBSE 12 Political Science - Contemporary World Politics in India examines global political dynamics, international relations, and India's role, helping students understand current global issues and India's political stance.
The chapter discusses the significant historical events leading to the end of bipolarity marked by the collapse of the Soviet Union and communist regimes in Eastern Europe. It explores how these developments reshaped international relations and power structures, resulting in the emergence of multiple new countries and the reorientation of political and economic systems from communism to capitalism in the former Soviet bloc. The chapter further examines the implications of these changes, particularly in relation to India's foreign policy.
The chapter explores the emergence of alternative centers of power following the end of the bipolar structure in world politics, notably focusing on the European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It examines how these organizations have developed to create political and economic strength, alongside China's significant rise as a major global player. Their interactions and challenges are assessed in terms of regional agreements and the impact on global politics.
The chapter explores the complexities of contemporary South Asia, focusing on the interplay of conflict and cooperation among its nations. It delves into the political dynamics and democratic experiences of several countries while highlighting the regional and international tensions that shape their relationships. The discussion emphasizes the significance of democracy, regional cooperation, and the impact of external powers on South Asian politics.
The chapter examines the role of international organizations, particularly the UN, in the context of evolving global dynamics following the Cold War. It highlights calls for reform in international institutions to address contemporary challenges and explores India's position regarding UN Security Council reforms. The chapter concludes by questioning the UN's ability to function effectively in a unipolar world dominated by the United States.
The chapter explores the complex notions of security in the contemporary world, emphasizing the distinction between traditional and non-traditional security threats. It underlines the importance of understanding security from various angles, including military, economic, and social aspects, while highlighting India's multifaceted security strategy. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the implications of global cooperation in addressing these security challenges.
The chapter explores the critical intersection of environmental issues and global politics, detailing significant movements and international responses to environmental degradation since the 1960s. It highlights the geopolitical implications of resource competition, the evolving discourse on common property and global commons, and the contrasting interests of developed and developing nations regarding environmental policies. The inclusivity of indigenous voices in environmental discussions, their historical marginalization, and contemporary activism framework is also emphasized.
Globalisation is a multidimensional concept that encompasses political, economic, and cultural aspects. The chapter explores its implications, focusing on how globalisation affects and is influenced by various entities, particularly highlighting India's position in this global narrative. Additionally, it sheds light on the resistance movements against globalisation, which critically evaluate its effects on local cultures and economies.