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2.3 - Concept of Self

Interactive Audio Lesson

Listen to a student-teacher conversation explaining the topic in a relatable way.

Understanding Self

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Teacher
Teacher

Let's start by discussing the concept of self. Can anyone explain what we mean by 'self'?

Student 1
Student 1

I think the self relates to how we view ourselves, like our identities?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! The self includes both our personal identity and our social identity. Now, can anyone differentiate between personal self and social self?

Student 2
Student 2

Personal self is about individual characteristics, while social self relates to how we connect with others.

Teacher
Teacher

Perfect! Remember, your social identity often includes cultural affiliations and roles within your community. To help remember this, think 'Personal is Private, Social is Society'.

Student 3
Student 3

That’s a good mnemonic!

Teacher
Teacher

Great! Let's keep exploring. What aspects impact how we view our self-worth?

Student 4
Student 4

I think self-esteem plays a big part in that.

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! High self-esteem can motivate us, while low self-esteem can lead to doubts. Summarizing, understanding self helps in shaping how we view our roles in society.

Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy

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Teacher
Teacher

Today, we'll dive deeper into self-esteem and self-efficacy. What is self-esteem?

Student 1
Student 1

It’s basically how we value ourselves, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! What's the connection between self-esteem and behavior?

Student 2
Student 2

High self-esteem can lead to better behavior and coping strategies.

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Can anyone tell me about self-efficacy?

Student 3
Student 3

Isn’t it about believing in our ability to succeed in tasks?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! Remember, self-efficacy is crucial because it influences our motivation — think of it as 'can-do' belief!

Student 4
Student 4

So, if I believe I can improve in my studies, I’m more likely to put in the effort?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Both self-esteem and self-efficacy interact to shape our personality and reactions to life situations.

Theories of Personality

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Teacher
Teacher

In the chapter, several theories of personality are highlighted. Can someone name one?

Student 1
Student 1

Freud’s psychodynamic approach?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Freud focused on unconscious processes. What about another approach?

Student 2
Student 2

The trait approach introduced by Allport?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! Remember to think about traits as stable characteristics. Let’s memorize this with ‘T.P.’ for 'Types of Personality'.

Student 3
Student 3

That’s easy to remember!

Teacher
Teacher

Good! Lastly, can anyone explain what the cultural approach examines?

Student 4
Student 4

It considers how culture impacts personality development, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Cultural influences shape many aspects of our identity. Keep these theories in mind as they are significant in various psychological studies.

Personality Assessment

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Teacher
Teacher

Let’s discuss how psychologists assess personality. What methods do we know of?

Student 1
Student 1

Self-report measures like surveys?

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! What’s a limitation of these measures?

Student 2
Student 2

People might answer in a socially desirable way.

Teacher
Teacher

Right! What about projective techniques?

Student 3
Student 3

They use ambiguous stimuli to reveal unconscious motives.

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Techniques like the Rorschach Inkblot test allow insight into deeper personality layers. Remember, 'Projective = Projection of Self'.

Student 4
Student 4

Got it!

Teacher
Teacher

Great! We’re understanding how these assessments function and their importance in psychology.

Integration of Concepts

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Teacher
Teacher

Can anyone summarize what we learned in the past sessions?

Student 1
Student 1

We talked about self, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and different theories of personality.

Teacher
Teacher

Excellent! And how do these concepts interconnect?

Student 2
Student 2

They all help us understand our identities and behaviors in different situations.

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! Understanding self and personality can enrich how we relate to ourselves and ultimately, to others. Always remember, 'Know Thyself'.

Student 3
Student 3

That’s a great motto!

Introduction & Overview

Read a summary of the section's main ideas. Choose from Basic, Medium, or Detailed.

Quick Overview

This section explores the concepts of self and personality, examining how self-identity and personality traits develop, differ across cultures, and can be assessed.

Standard

The section elaborates on the definitions and types of self, including personal and social identities, explains how self-esteem and self-efficacy impact behavior, and outlines different theoretical approaches to studying personality, including trait and psychodynamic perspectives.

Detailed

Youtube Videos

Cognitive and Behavioural Aspects of Self - Self & Personality | Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2
Cognitive and Behavioural Aspects of Self - Self & Personality | Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2
Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality 05 | CBSE/NCERT Behavioural, Cultural Approach
Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality 05 | CBSE/NCERT Behavioural, Cultural Approach
Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality 05 | CBSE/NCERT - Assessment of Personality
Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality 05 | CBSE/NCERT - Assessment of Personality
Concept of Self - Self & Personality | Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2
Concept of Self - Self & Personality | Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2
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Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality - 01 - | CBSE/NCERT
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Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 - Self & Personality 03 | CBSE/NCERT Approach to learn personality
Class 12 Psychology Chapter-2 Self and Personality | Full explanation with notes | CBSE Boards, CUET
Class 12 Psychology Chapter-2 Self and Personality | Full explanation with notes | CBSE Boards, CUET
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Chapter 2 : Self and Personality | Class 12 Psychology | One Shot | Full Chapter | Psych Shots
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Self and Personality - One Shot Revision | Class 12 Psychology Chapter 2 | 2023-24

Audio Book

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Understanding the Concept of Self

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Self and personality refer to the characteristic ways in which we define our existence. They also refer to the ways in which our experiences are organised and show up in our behaviour. From common observation, we know that different people hold different ideas about themselves. These ideas represent the self of a person. We also know that different people behave in different ways in a given situation, but the behaviour of a particular person from one situation to another generally remains fairly stable. Such a relatively stable pattern of behaviour represents the 'personality' of that person. Thus, different persons seem to possess different personalities. These personalities are reflected in the diverse behaviour of persons.

Detailed Explanation

The concept of self refers to how we identify and understand our own existence and experiences. It is personal, subjective, and varies from one individual to another. Each person's ideas about themselves are shaped by their experiences, feelings, and social interactions. When we say that someone's behaviour is stable across different situations, we are referring to their personality. Personality is essentially a collection of their character traits and behavioural patterns that remain relatively consistent over time. For example, if a person is generally cheerful and friendly, they are likely to behave that way in different situations, which constitutes part of their personality.

Examples & Analogies

Think of the self as a painter's canvas. Each person's life experiences, emotions, and social interactions are like different colors and brushes used to paint on that canvas. Just as two canvases can look very different even if they are painted using the same colors, each person has a unique self, shaped by their individual experiences and personality.

The Formation of Self

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How easy was it for you to complete the sentences starting with "I am"? Perhaps it was not as easy as you may have thought at first. While working on it, you were describing your 'self'. You are aware of your 'self' in the same way as you are aware of various objects in your surrounding environment.

Detailed Explanation

Forming a self-concept involves self-reflection, where an individual examines their thoughts and feelings about themselves. This could include identifying personal traits, feelings, and beliefs about who they are. For example, filling out sentences like "I am kind" or "I am a student" can sometimes be challenging, as it requires deep introspection. This reflection helps solidify one's understanding of personal identity, which is crucial for self-awareness.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine being asked to give a brief speech about yourself without any prompts. At first, it might feel daunting, as you might struggle to express who you are. This is similar to looking into a mirror and seeing not just your physical reflection but also your personality and traits. The clearer you see yourself, the more confident you become in expressing your identity.

Social Identity vs Personal Identity

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Personal identity refers to those attributes of a person that make her/him different from others. When a person describes herself/himself by telling her/his name or qualities, s/he is discussing personal identity. Social identity refers to those aspects of a person that link her/him to a social or cultural group.

Detailed Explanation

Personal identity is about the unique characteristics that define us as individuals, such as our names, specific qualities, and dreams. Social identity, on the other hand, connects us to larger social groups, such as cultural backgrounds, religions, or communities. For example, identifying as a 'student' or a 'member of a cultural group' reflects how we relate to the world around us, while personal identity might focus on individual traits like being 'creative' or 'thoughtful'.

Examples & Analogies

Think of personal identity as a fingerprint; it is unique to you and cannot be copied. In contrast, social identity is like a club membership; it connects you with others who share similar interests or backgrounds. While everyone has a unique fingerprint, they might belong to various clubs and groups at the same time.

Characteristics of Self

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The totality of an individual’s conscious experiences, ideas, thoughts and feelings with regard to herself/himself defines the self. These experiences and ideas define the existence of an individual both at the personal and at social levels.

Detailed Explanation

The self encompasses everything an individual consciously thinks about and feels regarding their identity. This includes personal thoughts, experiences, emotions, and how one perceives themselves in different contexts. Understanding the self on both personal and social levels is essential because it influences how individuals interact with others and make decisions in their lives. For instance, a person might feel confident about their skills in a professional setting (personal level) but identify as part of a team group during collaborative work (social level).

Examples & Analogies

Imagine a tree with deep roots and a wide canopy. The roots symbolize the core aspects of your personal identity, while the branches represent your social connections and identities. Just as the tree's strength comes from both the roots and the canopy, a person's self is robust when both personal and social identities are well-defined and integrated.

Definitions & Key Concepts

Learn essential terms and foundational ideas that form the basis of the topic.

Key Concepts

  • Self: The unique identity shaped by personal and social factors.

  • Self-Esteem: Essential in shaping how individuals perceive their value and self-worth.

  • Self-Efficacy: Influences motivation and behavior based on beliefs in abilities.

  • Personality: Combines various traits, characteristics, and behaviors to establish individuality.

  • Trait Approach: Focuses on stable characteristics that impact behavior across situations.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.

Examples

  • Example of self-esteem: A student who believes they can succeed academically may study harder and perform better.

  • Example of self-efficacy: An athlete who believes they can win a race will train diligently and push themselves during competitions.

Memory Aids

Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • Self and esteem, a powerful team, helps you reach your dream!

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Once, there was a girl named Ada, who had low self-esteem. With time, she learned to embrace her self-worth, becoming a confident leader who inspired her community.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • P.E.T. for self-concept: Personal, Esteem, Traits to remember the components of self.

🎯 Super Acronyms

T.E.A.M. for Personality Theories

  • Trait
  • Extraversion
  • Assessment
  • Model.

Flash Cards

Review key concepts with flashcards.

Glossary of Terms

Review the Definitions for terms.

  • Term: Self

    Definition:

    The individual's perception and understanding of their own identity.

  • Term: SelfEsteem

    Definition:

    The assessment of one’s own worth and value.

  • Term: SelfEfficacy

    Definition:

    Belief in one's capabilities to perform tasks and achieve goals.

  • Term: Personality

    Definition:

    The unique set of psychological traits, behaviors, and attitudes that characterize an individual.

  • Term: Trait Approach

    Definition:

    A perspective that focuses on the identification and measurement of individual traits.

  • Term: Psychodynamic Approach

    Definition:

    A perspective that emphasizes unconscious psychological processes and childhood experiences.

  • Term: Cultural Approach

    Definition:

    An approach that examines personality in the context of cultural influences.