Globalisation and Employment
Globalisation has introduced intricate changes to employment landscapes across the globe, particularly in India. While the Indian economy has seen the emergence of new job opportunities through the IT revolution and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), these advancements have not been uniformly beneficial for all socioeconomic groups. Urban middle-class youth now engage in diverse fields like technology, retail, and service sectors, reflecting a shift from traditional degrees toward skill-oriented training.
However, the allure of such opportunities is juxtaposed with the alarming employment gap existing in South Asia, particularly highlighted in an ILO report. Despite overall economic growth, job creation has been disappointing, leading to an unfortunate reality for many—as conventional jobs diminish, they face heightened competition and precarious employment conditions. This section further illustrates how globalisation does not merely spawn new opportunities but also recalibrates existing industries, often displacing established workers in agriculture and crafts. A key example discussed is the impact on traditional occupations, highlighting the struggles of artisans and farmers against cheaper imports that threaten their livelihoods. Overall, the effects of globalisation on employment exhibit a multifaceted contrast: while affording some advantages, it concurrently accentuates inequities, showcasing the urgent need for policies that address these disparities.