The Women’s Movement
The women’s movement in India has a rich history that began with the 19th-century social reform movements. Various organizations emerged to advocate for women's rights and welfare, such as the Women’s India Association and the All India Women’s Conference. Initially, the focus was on issues deemed separate from political concerns, but leaders recognized the interconnection between national freedom and women's emancipation.
During the colonial period, women actively participated in uprisings such as the Tebhaga movement and tribal revolts, contributing significantly to socio-political struggles.
Post-independence, involvement diminished as many activists shifted to nation-building efforts. However, a revival occurred in the mid-1970s, marking the second wave of the women’s movement, which addressed violence against women, dowry, and issues of representation and rights in various fields. This resurgence also acknowledged the diverse experiences of women, with distinct challenges faced by educated urban women compared to their rural and Dalit counterparts.
The movement is now integral to the broader quest for a gender-just society in India, aiming to dismantle patriarchal structures and ensure equal opportunities for all. Efforts like the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Yojana signify governmental initiatives toward promoting gender equity.