5. Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
India's rich biodiversity encompasses a vast range of flora and fauna, having about 47,000 plant species and 90,000 animal species. The chapter categorizes natural vegetation into types such as Tropical Evergreen, Deciduous, Thorn Forests, Montane, and Mangrove forests, and emphasizes the importance of conservation due to threats like habitat destruction and pollution.
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What we have learnt
- India is one of the twelve mega-biodiversity countries in the world.
- Natural vegetation is classified into various types, including Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests.
- Approximately 1,300 plant species are endangered in India due to human activities.
Key Concepts
- -- Biodiversity
- The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat, often considered to be important and desirable.
- -- Natural Vegetation
- Plant communities that grow naturally without human interference, consisting of native plants of a region.
- -- Endemic Species
- Species that are native to a particular area and not found naturally anywhere else.
- -- Conservation
- The sustainable management of natural resources to prevent exploitation and maintain biodiversity.
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