3. Drainage
The chapter elaborates on the concept of drainage, defining key components like drainage basins and water divides. It categorizes Indian rivers into Himalayan and Peninsular groups, describing their characteristics and the geographical features that distinguish them. It further discusses the significance of lakes and rivers in the ecosystem and economy, and highlights pollution issues and conservation efforts.
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What we have learnt
- Drainage describes the river systems of an area and the region drained by a river system is termed as a drainage basin.
- The Indian rivers are mainly categorized into two groups: Himalayan rivers, which are predominantly perennial, and Peninsular rivers, which are often seasonal.
- Lakes play a vital role in regulating river flow, providing recreation, and maintaining aquatic ecosystems, while river pollution undermines water quality and health.
Key Concepts
- -- Drainage Basin
- The area drained by a single river system.
- -- Water Divide
- An elevated area that separates two drainage basins.
- -- Perennial Rivers
- Rivers that have continuous water flow throughout the year.
- -- Seasonal Rivers
- Rivers whose flow is dependent on seasonal rainfall.
- -- Delta
- Landform created at the mouth of a river where it meets a body of water.
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