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The Transport Layer is essential in the TCP/IP protocol suite, bridging application-to-application communication. It includes protocols such as TCP and UDP, which fulfill distinct roles by managing logical communication, ensuring reliable data transfer, and optimizing flow and congestion control. The concepts of multiplexing and demultiplexing are integral to identifying the correct application processes using port numbers.
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Term: EndtoEnd Principle
Definition: Functions that require knowledge and participation of communication endpoints should be implemented at those endpoints, ensuring reliability and accuracy.
Term: Multiplexing
Definition: The process of combining data from multiple application processes and passing it to the Network Layer, utilizing a Transport Layer header with source and destination port numbers.
Term: Flow Control
Definition: A mechanism to prevent a fast sender from overwhelming a slow receiver, ensuring efficient data transmission.
Term: Congestion Control
Definition: The strategy implemented to prevent network congestion by managing the data injection rate into the network.
Term: TCP Connection Management
Definition: Includes the procedures for establishing (three-way handshake) and terminating (four-way handshake) a connection between two hosts to synchronize communication.
Term: Reliable Data Transfer (RDT)
Definition: Protocols ensuring that data is delivered accurately, completely, in the correct order, and without duplication.
Term: UDP
Definition: User Datagram Protocol, a connectionless protocol that offers minimal transport services without reliability guarantees.
Term: TCP
Definition: Transmission Control Protocol, a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliable data transfer through its extensive features.