Some Natural Phenomena
This section examines two major natural phenomena: lightning and earthquakes. It discusses their causes, features, and how individuals can minimize potential destruction.
12.1 Lightning
Lightning is characterized by electric sparks occurring on a colossal scale. Early civilizations viewed it as divine wrath due to a lack of scientific understanding. Modern science reveals that lightning results from charge accumulation in clouds. The historical context illustrates this understanding, with figures like Benjamin Franklin linking lightning to static electricity. Activities outlined educate on how static charges can be generated through rubbing materials together, illustrating the principles of electric charge.
12.2 Types of Charges
Activities demonstrate that there are two types of charges: positive and negative. This section emphasizes that like charges repel and unlike charges attract each other.
12.3 Lightning Safety
Detailed safety measures during thunderstorms are outlined. Recommendations include seeking secure shelter and avoiding conductive materials.
12.4 Earthquakes
The section outlines what an earthquake is, how it is caused by disturbances in the Earth’s crust, and its devastating potential. Though its prediction remains elusive, understanding seismic zones and safety protocols can assist in reducing risk.
Overall, acknowledging these natural phenomena pushes the importance of education in disaster preparedness to safeguard life and property.