Political Executive in Democracy
The political executive plays a pivotal role in any democratic government, responsible for executing policies and making significant decisions that affect citizens. This section differentiates between two categories of the executive:
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Political Executive: Comprising elected leaders who implement major policies and make key decisions for a specified term. Their authority derives from the will of the people.
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Permanent Executive: Comprising civil servants who serve long-term regardless of the political climate. They aid in the day-to-day administration under the directives of elected officials.
The Prime Minister, as the head of government, and the Council of Ministers form the core of the political executive. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President based on their support from the Lok Sabha, and their role includes overseeing and coordinating various government functions. This section also discusses the composition and hierarchical structure of the Cabinet, describing various ministerial roles and their participatory functions in decision-making processes.
Furthermore, the section addresses the powers of elected officials versus civil servants, noting that, despite their expertise, it is the political executives who hold the ultimate decision-making power, accountable to the populace. The President, as the head of state, holds a symbolic role while acting on the advice of the Council of Ministers. Ultimately, this section emphasizes the interaction between political executives, the civil service, and the ceremonial role of the Presidency in democratic governance.