68HC05 Family of Microcontrollers (Freescale Semiconductor) - 14.5.1.7 | 14. Microcontrollers - Part B | Digital Electronics - Vol 2
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Interactive Audio Lesson

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Understanding the 68HC05 Microcontroller Architecture

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0:00
Teacher
Teacher

Good morning everyone! Today we're going to explore the 68HC05 family of microcontrollers from Freescale Semiconductor. Can anyone tell me what a microcontroller is?

Student 1
Student 1

Isn't it like a small computer on a chip that controls other parts of a system?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Microcontrollers are used in a variety of embedded systems. The 68HC05 specifically is built on a fully static design. This helps maintain performance even in power-saving modes. Can anyone guess how fast it operates?

Student 2
Student 2

Is it around 4 MHz?

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! This clock speed is pretty standard for many applications. Now, what about its memory? How much on-chip RAM does it have?

Student 3
Student 3

Is it 920 bytes of RAM?

Teacher
Teacher

Right again! That gives us substantial storage for running applications. Let’s summarize: The 68HC05 features a clock speed of 4 MHz and 920 bytes of on-chip RAM.

Memory Capabilities of the 68HC05

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Teacher
Teacher

Now that we know about the clock speed and RAM, let’s dive into its memory capabilities. Who can tell me about the ROM and EEPROM in the 68HC05 family?

Student 4
Student 4

It has 32K of ROM and can reach up to 7932 bytes of EEPROM?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! The EEPROM is crucial for storing data that must persist even after power is turned off. Why do you think this feature is beneficial for applications?

Student 1
Student 1

It allows for data retention, like user settings or calibration data!

Teacher
Teacher

Great insight! Maintaining settings over power cycles is vital. Let’s summarize: The 68HC05 has 32K of ROM and up to 7932 bytes of EEPROM.

Peripheral Devices and Power Management

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Teacher
Teacher

Let’s explore the peripheral capabilities of the 68HC05. Can anyone share what kinds of peripherals are typically supported?

Student 2
Student 2

It has serial interface channels and timers, right?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! It features two serial interface channels and a multifunction timer, which allows it to interact with other devices efficiently. But what about power management? Why is it important?

Student 3
Student 3

It’s really important for battery life, especially in portable devices.

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! The WAIT mode allows the microcontroller to significantly reduce power usage when it’s not actively performing tasks. Let’s summarize: The 68HC05 includes versatile peripherals and has a power-saving WAIT mode.

Introduction & Overview

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Quick Overview

The 68HC05 microcontroller family by Freescale Semiconductor offers a complete static design, featuring on-chip memory and versatile peripheral interfaces.

Standard

This section outlines the 68HC05 microcontroller family, emphasizing its microcontroller-related and peripheral-related features. With specifications including static design, varied memory options, and multiple I/O lines, users have significant flexibility for different applications.

Detailed

Detailed Summary

The 68HC05 family of microcontrollers developed by Freescale Semiconductor utilizes a fully static chip design based on an eight-bit M68HC05 core. Prominent features include:

  • Clock Speed: Operating at a clock speed of 4 MHz, suitable for many embedded applications.
  • Memory: It contains 920 bytes of on-chip RAM and 32K of ROM, with a maximum of up to 7932 bytes of EEPROM across the family of devices, providing flexibility for data storage and retrieval.
  • Power Saving: The microcontrollers offer a power-saving WAIT mode which is crucial for battery-operated devices, allowing them to manage power consumption effectively.
  • Package Options: Available in 40-pin dual in-line packages (DIP) and 42-pin shrink dual inline packages (SDIP), making them compatible with various electronic designs.

Additional features include a multifunction timer with periodic interrupt capabilities, two serial interface channels, three Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) channels, and up to 80 I/O lines, enhancing the device's utility in real-world applications.

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Microcontroller-related Features

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Fully static chip design using a standard eight-bit M68HC05 core, a clock speed of 4 MHz, 920 bytes of on-chip RAM, 32K of ROM, 7932 bytes of EEPROM (maximum values across the family of devices), power-saving WAIT mode and available in 40-pin DIP and 42-pin SDIP package styles.

Detailed Explanation

The 68HC05 microcontroller utilizes a fully static design, meaning it does not need to constantly refresh its circuits to maintain data, which simplifies its operation and can lead to lower power consumption. It operates at a clock speed of 4 MHz, which is relatively low in modern standards but is suitable for many basic applications. The microcontroller has 920 bytes of RAM on-chip, allowing it to store variables and temporary data during execution, and 32K of ROM which is used to store the program memory. Additionally, the device supports up to 7932 bytes of EEPROM, which is non-volatile and allows data to be saved even when power is off. This makes the 68HC05 versatile for embedded applications. It has a WAIT mode to help save power when the device is not in active use, and it is available in two packaging options: 40-pin Dual In-Line Package (DIP) and 42-pin Shrink Dual In-Line Package (SDIP), providing flexible mounting choices for various applications.

Examples & Analogies

Think of the 68HC05 like a smart, efficient assistant. Just as an assistant can take notes (RAM), remember instructions for a later date (ROM), and keep important documents saved (EEPROM), the 68HC05 microcontroller can manage its tasks effectively while also saving energy by going into a 'waiting' state when not in use.

Peripheral-related Features

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Two serial interface channels, a multifunction timer with periodic interrupt, eight A/D converter channels, three PWM channels and 80 I/O lines (maximum values across the family of devices).

Detailed Explanation

The 68HC05 microcontroller is equipped with diverse peripheral features that enhance its functionality significantly. It has two serial interface channels that allow it to communicate with other devices, like sensors or computers, facilitating data exchange. A multifunction timer is integrated into the chip, enabling it to carry out time-sensitive tasks and generate interrupts periodically. Additionally, eight Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) channels allow the microcontroller to read various analog signals (like temperature or light levels) and convert them into digital data that the microcontroller can understand and process. Furthermore, it includes three Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) channels, used for controlling devices like motors with variable speeds. Lastly, with 80 General Purpose I/O (Input/Output) lines, it can interact with numerous external devices, making it highly adaptable for many applications.

Examples & Analogies

Consider the peripheral features of the 68HC05 like the toolkit of a handyman. Just as a handyman uses various tools like wrenches (serial interfaces), a timer to make accurate measurements (multifunction timer), a digital scale to measure weights (A/D converters), and a remote for adjusting appliances (PWM channels), the microcontroller utilizes its peripherals to manage diverse tasks and interface with the other gadgets around it seamlessly.

Definitions & Key Concepts

Learn essential terms and foundational ideas that form the basis of the topic.

Key Concepts

  • Fully static chip design: Allows the microcontroller to preserve its state and operate efficiently across various power conditions.

  • Peripheral interfaces: Include various components like timers and serial interfaces that enhance functionality in applications.

  • Power-saving features: Such as WAIT mode to optimize battery life in mobile applications.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.

Examples

  • The 68HC05 can be used in automotive applications to manage engine control systems, where both RAM and EEPROM are essential for calibration.

  • In home automation, the integrated PWM channels of the 68HC05 can control lighting dimmers and motor speed.

Memory Aids

Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.

🎡 Rhymes Time

  • For the 68HC05, speed is four, with RAM galore; 920 bytes behind its door!

πŸ“– Fascinating Stories

  • Imagine a small robot (the 68HC05) that wakes up to communicate (via serial channels) and control its movements (using PWM) only when needed, saving energy like a wise little friend!

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • RAM - Retains Active Memory; EEPROM - Energy Efficient Persistent Read-only Memory.

🎯 Super Acronyms

WAIT - Wise Automated Idle Timing.

Flash Cards

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Glossary of Terms

Review the Definitions for terms.

  • Term: M68HC05 core

    Definition:

    The underlying architecture of the 68HC05 microcontroller that supports its operations.

  • Term: ROM

    Definition:

    Read-Only Memory, used to store the firmware in the microcontroller.

  • Term: EEPROM

    Definition:

    Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, which retains data even when powered off.

  • Term: WAIT mode

    Definition:

    A power-saving state of the microcontroller, minimizing power consumption when not in use.

  • Term: PWM channels

    Definition:

    Pulse Width Modulation channels used for generating analog signal control from a digital signal.