25.5.2. Bernoulli's Equation Applications

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is the hydraulic gradient line in open channel flow?

   Hint

   Think of the fluid's free surface in open channels.

2. 2.

   How does the energy gradient line differ from the hydraulic gradient line?

   Hint

   Consider what additional components are included in energy.

3. 3.

   What represents the hydraulic gradient line in an open channel flow?

   • Atmospheric pressure
   • Fluid surface
   • Flow velocity

   Hint

   Think about how fluid behaves in an open channel.

4. 4.

   True or False: The energy gradient line always slopes upward.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Recall what happens in a system with energy dissipation.

5. 5.

   A pipeline with a diameter of 0.5 m experiences a pressure drop of 20 kPa. Calculate the energy head lost in the system if the length of the pipe is 500 m.

   Hint

   Use the energy head formula and plug in the values carefully.

6. 6.

   Compare the efficiency of two pumps with different power outputs that deliver the same fluid volume. Pump A delivers 1000 W and pump B delivers 800 W. Which pump is more efficient?

   Hint

   Review the definition of pump efficiency to compute.