2. Theory of Demand and Supply
Demand and supply are foundational concepts in economics that describe how markets function. Demand refers to the quantity of a commodity that consumers are willing to purchase at various prices, while supply refers to how much sellers are willing to offer. The chapter explores the laws governing demand and supply, factors that influence them, and the concepts of elasticity in both demand and supply.
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2.2.4Demand Schedule And Curve
The demand schedule and curve illustrate the relationship between price and...
What we have learnt
- Demand refers to the willingness and ability of consumers to buy a commodity at a specific price and time.
- The law of demand states that with all else constant, when the price of a commodity falls, demand rises, and vice versa.
- Supply is defined as the quantity of a commodity that producers are willing to sell at a given price.
- The law of supply asserts that all else equal, an increase in price typically results in an increase in supply.
- Elasticity measures the responsiveness of demand or supply to changes in price.
Key Concepts
- -- Demand
- The quantity of a commodity that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price.
- -- Law of Demand
- An economic rule stating that price and demand are inversely related, meaning when one goes up, the other goes down.
- -- Supply
- The quantity of a commodity that sellers are willing and able to offer for sale at a given price.
- -- Law of Supply
- An economic principle stating that price and supply are directly related; as the price increases, supply also increases.
- -- Elasticity of Demand
- The measurement of how much demand for a good changes when prices change.
- -- Elasticity of Supply
- The responsiveness of the quantity supplied of a good to a change in its price.
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