3. Changing Face of the Earth
The Earth is continuously transformed by a variety of internal and external forces that alter its surface. Key processes include the movement of tectonic plates, volcanic activity, erosion, weathering, and human actions like urbanization and deforestation. Understanding these dynamic changes is essential for sustainable land use and environmental conservation.
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What we have learnt
- The changing face of the Earth is influenced by both natural processes and human activities.
- Endogenic forces include tectonic forces, volcanism, and diastrophism, while exogenic forces encompass weathering, erosion, and deposition.
- Human activities significantly accelerate changes to the Earth's surface, impacting ecosystems and climate.
Key Concepts
- -- Endogenic Forces
- Internal forces originating within the Earth, such as tectonic forces and volcanism, that shape the Earth's surface.
- -- Exogenic Forces
- External forces that act on the Earth's surface, including weathering, erosion, and deposition.
- -- Plate Tectonics
- The theory that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move and interact, leading to seismic and volcanic activity.
- -- Erosion
- The gradual wearing away of rocks and soil by natural forces like wind, water, and ice.
- -- Volcanism
- The process through which magma erupts from beneath the Earth's crust, forming various volcanic features.
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