Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the study of heat, temperature, and energy transfer in physical systems.

Introduction To Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the physics branch focused on heat, temperature, and energy transformation.

Heat And Temperature

This section defines heat and temperature, highlighting their differences and units of measurement.

Difference Between Heat And Temperature

Heat is energy in transit due to temperature differences, while temperature measures the degree of hotness or coldness of a body.

Thermometric Scales

The section discusses three primary thermometric scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin, along with their key characteristics and conversion formulas.

Thermal Expansion

Thermal expansion refers to the increase in volume or length of a substance as its temperature rises.

Types

This section elaborates on the different types of thermal expansion that substances undergo when exposed to heat.

Specific Heat Capacity

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.

Principle Of Calorimetry

The Principle of Calorimetry states that when a hot object is mixed with a cold object, the heat lost by the hot object equals the heat gained by the cold object, assuming no heat loss to the surroundings.

Change Of State

The section explains the concept of change of state, highlighting the different phases of matter and the significance of latent heat during these transitions.

Modes Of Heat Transfer

This section discusses the three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation, highlighting their mechanisms and examples.

Conduction

Conduction is the method of heat transfer through solids without the movement of matter.

Convection

Convection is the mode of heat transfer in liquids and gases through the movement of particles.

Radiation

Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, allowing energy to move through empty space.

Applications Of Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics has significant applications in various fields including refrigeration, thermal insulation, cooking, and energy systems.