Chapter 3: Biology and Human Welfare

Sections

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1. 1

   Common Human Diseases

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   This section discusses the classification of common human diseases,...

2. 1.1

   Infectious Diseases

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   Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens and can affect humans through...

3. 1.1.1

   Bacterial Diseases

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   This section discusses bacterial diseases, their causes, symptoms, and...

4. 1.1.1.1

   Typhoid

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   Typhoid is an infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi, primarily...

5. 1.1.1.2

   Pneumonia

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   Pneumonia is an infectious disease caused mainly by Streptococcus pneumoniae...

6. 1.1.2

   Viral Diseases

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   This section discusses various viral diseases affecting humans, including...

7. 1.1.2.1

   Common Cold

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   The Common Cold is a viral infection predominantly caused by rhinoviruses,...

8. 1.1.2.2

   Hepatitis B

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   Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver, characterized by...

9. 1.1.3

   Protozoan Diseases

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   This section focuses on protozoan diseases, including their pathogens,...

10. 1.1.3.1

    Malaria

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    Malaria is a severe infectious disease caused by Plasmodium species and...

11. 1.1.4

    Helminthic Diseases

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    Helminthic diseases are infectious diseases caused by parasitic worms,...

12. 1.1.4.1

    Ascariasis

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    Ascariasis is a helminthic disease caused by the Ascaris lumbricoides worm,...

13. 1.1.4.2

    Filariasis (Elephantiasis)

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    Filariasis, also known as elephantiasis, is caused by the Wuchereria...

14. 1.2

    Prevention And Control

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    This section discusses the prevention and control of infectious diseases...

15. 2

    Immunity And Vaccination

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    This section discusses the body's defense mechanisms against diseases,...

16. 2.1

    Immunity

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    This section covers the concept of immunity, its types, vaccines, and the...

17. 2.1.1

    Types Of Immunity

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    This section explores the different types of immunity, including innate and...

18. 2.1.1.1

    Innate Immunity

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    Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against pathogens,...

19. 2.1.1.2

    Acquired Immunity

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    Acquired immunity is a sophisticated defense mechanism developed throughout...

20. 2.1.1.2.1

    Active Immunity

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    Active immunity is a type of immunity where an individual's immune system...

21. 2.1.1.2.2

    Passive Immunity

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    Passive immunity involves the transfer of ready-made antibodies, providing...

22. 2.2

    Vaccination

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    Vaccination is a crucial process that stimulates the body’s immune response...

23. 2.3

    Allergies

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    Allergies are hypersensitive immune responses to allergens, resulting in...

24. 3

    Cancer

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    Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body...

25. 3.1

    Definition

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    This section focuses on defining key biological terms and concepts...

26. 3.2

    Types

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    This section covers the classification of human diseases, the immune...

27. 3.3

    Causes (Carcinogens)

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    This section discusses the major causes of cancer, known as carcinogens,...

28. 3.4

    Detection & Treatment

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    This section discusses the detection and treatment methods for cancer,...

29. 4

    Drugs And Alcohol Abuse

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    This section covers the common substances abused, their effects on health,...

30. 4.1

    Commonly Abused Substances

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    This section discusses commonly abused substances, their effects on health,...

31. 4.2

    Effects

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    This section discusses various human diseases, including their causes,...

32. 4.3

    Prevention And Control

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    This section emphasizes various strategies such as vaccination, sanitation,...

33. 5

    Microbes In Human Welfare

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    Microbes play a crucial role in various sectors, including industrial...

34. 5.1

    Microbes In Industrial Production

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    This section discusses the significant roles of microorganisms in various...

35. 5.2

    Microbes In Sewage Treatment

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    Microbes play a crucial role in sewage treatment, facilitating the breakdown...

36. 5.3

    Microbes In Biogas Production

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    Microbes play a crucial role in biogas production through the anaerobic...

37. 5.4

    Microbes As Bio-Control Agents

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    Microbes serve as bio-control agents by acting as natural predators or...

38. 5.5

    Biofertilizers

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    Biofertilizers are natural substances that enhance soil fertility through...

39. 6

    Integrated Pest Management (Ipm)

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    Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an eco-friendly approach to controlling...

40. 6.1

    Definition

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    This section defines key biological concepts that influence human welfare,...

41. 6.2

    Advantages

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    Biological applications significantly enhance human welfare across various sectors.

42. 7

    Role Of Biotechnology In Human Welfare

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    Biotechnology significantly enhances human welfare by enabling the...

43. 8

    Summary

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    This section encapsulates the main applications of biology in human welfare,...

44. 9

    Practice Questions

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    This section contains practice questions designed to assess understanding of...

45. 9.1

    Short Answer

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    This section addresses common human diseases, their causes, immunity, the...

46. 9.2

    Long Answer

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    This section discusses various human diseases, immunity, cancer, drug and...