ICSE Class 12 Computer Science | Chapter 11: Recursion by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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Chapter 11: Recursion

Chapter 11: Recursion

Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve parts of a problem, aiding in solving smaller sub-problems through its elegant structure. Key elements include base cases to halt recursion and recursive cases to move towards these base cases. While beneficial for problems organized hierarchically, recursion may consume more memory and risk stack overflow, highlighting both its advantages and disadvantages in various applications.

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  1. 11

    Recursion is a programming concept where functions call themselves to solve...

  2. 11.1
    Introduction

    Recursion is a fundamental programming concept where a function calls itself...

  3. 11.2
    What Is Recursion?

    Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve...

  4. 11.3
    Characteristics Of Recursion

    This section explores the fundamental characteristics of recursion,...

  5. 11.3.1
    Base Case (Termination Condition)

    The base case is a critical component of recursion, determining when a...

  6. 11.3.2
    Recursive Case

    The recursive case is a key component of recursion that defines how a...

  7. 11.4
    How Recursion Works

    Recursion is a programming technique where a function calls itself to solve...

  8. 11.5
    Syntax Of A Recursive Function

    This section outlines the syntax and structure of a recursive function in...

  9. 11.6
    Types Of Recursion

    This section outlines the two main types of recursion: direct and indirect recursion.

  10. 11.6.1
    Direct Recursion

    Direct recursion involves a function calling itself to solve a problem by...

  11. 11.6.2
    Indirect Recursion

    Indirect recursion occurs when a function calls another function, which...

  12. 11.7
    Examples Of Recursion

    Recursion uses functions that call themselves to break problems into smaller parts.

  13. 11.7.1
    Factorial Of A Number

    This section explains the concept of recursion through the factorial...

  14. 11.7.2
    Fibonacci Series

    The Fibonacci series is a mathematical sequence where each number is the sum...

  15. 11.8
    Advantages Of Recursion

    Recursion is a programming technique that simplifies code and efficiently...

  16. 11.9
    Disadvantages Of Recursion

    Recursion has several disadvantages, including potential overhead, risk of...

  17. 11.10
    Important Concepts In Recursion

    This section discusses the vital concepts of recursion, including base case,...

  18. 11.10.1

    The Base Case is a critical concept in recursion, defining the condition...

  19. 11.10.2
    Recursive Case

    The recursive case is a vital component of recursive functions that...

  20. 11.10.3
    Stack Overflow

    This section introduces recursion, emphasizing its characteristics,...

  21. 11.11
    Real-World Applications Of Recursion

    Recursion is applied in various real-world scenarios, enhancing...

  22. 11.12
    Sample Problem And Solution

    This section presents a sample problem solving using recursion to find the...

  23. 11.13

    Recursion is a programming concept where functions call themselves to solve...

What we have learnt

  • Recursion is defined as a function calling itself to handle smaller instances of a problem.
  • It consists of base cases and recursive cases, which are essential for controlling recursion flow.
  • Applications of recursion span mathematical problems, tree traversals, data parsing, and algorithm solutions.

Key Concepts

-- Base Case
The condition under which a recursive function terminates, preventing infinite recursion.
-- Recursive Case
The portion of a recursive function where the function calls itself with modified arguments to approach the base case.
-- Stack Overflow
An error that occurs when too many nested recursive calls exceed the call stack memory limit.
-- Direct Recursion
A type of recursion where a function calls itself directly.
-- Indirect Recursion
A type of recursion where a function calls another function, which then calls the first function.
-- Mathematical Applications
Recursion is useful in solving problems such as calculating factorials and Fibonacci numbers.

Additional Learning Materials

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