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3. Water

Water exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms and is essential for life, participating in various processes. Its physical properties include being colorless, odorless, and having specific boiling and freezing points. The chapter discusses its composition, its role as a universal solvent, causes and effects of water pollution, differences between hard and soft water, methods to remove hardness, the water cycle, and its various uses.

Sections

  • 3

    Water

    Water is essential for life, exhibiting unique physical properties and playing a crucial role in the environment and industrial processes.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.1

    Introduction

    Water is a crucial natural resource existing in three physical states and is essential for life.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.2

    Physical Properties Of Water

    This section discusses the fundamental physical properties of water, highlighting its unique characteristics that are crucial for life.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.3

    Composition Of Water

    Water is a compound consisting of hydrogen and oxygen, represented by the chemical formula H₂O.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.4

    Water As A Universal Solvent

    Water's unique properties make it a universal solvent, crucial for biological and chemical processes.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.5

    Causes Of Water Pollution

    Water pollution is primarily caused by industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and other contaminants.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.6

    Effects Of Water Pollution

    Water pollution has detrimental effects on both aquatic life and human health.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.7

    Hard And Soft Water

    This section describes the characteristics that distinguish hard water from soft water and the types of hardness present in water.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.7.1

    Hard Water

    Hard water contains dissolved minerals like calcium and magnesium, which affect its ability to form lather with soap.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.7.2

    Soft Water

    Soft water is defined as water that easily produces lather with soap and is free from dissolved calcium and magnesium salts.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.8

    Removal Of Hardness

    This section discusses methods to remove hardness from water, highlighting key techniques.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.9

    Water Cycle

    The water cycle describes the continuous process of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation that circulates water in nature.

    Learning Practice

  • 3.10

    Uses Of Water

    Water is essential for various activities, including drinking, cooking, cleaning, agriculture, and industrial processes.

    Learning Practice

References

ch3.pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Water is vital for life and...
  • It has unique physical and ...
  • Water pollution significant...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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