Today, let's discuss the composition of the atmosphere. What do you think is the major gas present in our atmosphere?

Close, but not quite! The major gas is actually nitrogen, making up about 78%. Can anyone tell me the role of carbon dioxide?

Exactly! Remember, CO2 absorbs heat and helps keep our planet warm. A mnemonic to remember is 'Nitrous Oxygen Can' for Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon Dioxide.

Great question! Water vapor is crucial as it traps heat and influences weather patterns. In humid areas, it can make up to 4% of the atmosphere.

They decrease in concentration! For instance, oxygen becomes almost negligible at 120 km in altitude. Remember, it's important to understand how these gases function at different levels.

To summarize, the atmosphere primarily consists of nitrogen and oxygen, with carbon dioxide playing a crucial role in heat retention.

Next, let’s dive into the structure of the atmosphere. Can anyone name the first layer?

Correct! The troposphere is where all weather occurs. Its height varies—about 8 km at the poles and 18 km at the equator. What happens to temperature as you rise through this layer?

Yes! It decreases at roughly 1°C for every 165 m. How about the next layer, the stratosphere?

Exactly! The ozone layer absorbs harmful UV rays. A fun story to remember: think of the ozone as a superhero cape protecting the earth from harmful sun rays.

In the mesosphere, temperatures drop even further, reaching around -100°C. It’s important to note that this is where most meteors burn up upon entering the atmosphere.

In summary, the structure of the atmosphere is crucial for understanding climate and weather phenomena, with each layer having its own unique characteristics.