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7. COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF ATMOSPHERE

This chapter addresses the atmosphere's composition and structure, emphasizing its essential role in supporting life. It explores atmospheric layers, their temperature variations, and key components like gases, water vapor, and dust, as well as the influence of factors like the greenhouse effect and climate change.

Sections

  • 7

    Composition And Structure Of Atmosphere

    The atmosphere is a crucial mixture of gases that support life, consisting mainly of nitrogen and oxygen, and structured into distinct layers with varying characteristics.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.1

    Composition Of The Atmosphere

    This section explains the composition and structure of Earth's atmosphere, highlighting its essential gases and layers vital for life.

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  • 7.2

    Gases

    The atmosphere is a critical layer surrounding Earth, composed of essential gases that support life and influence climate.

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  • 7.3

    Water Vapour

    Water vapour is a key variable gas in the atmosphere, influencing weather and climate through its varying concentration and thermal properties.

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  • 7.3.1

    Dust Particles

    Dust particles in the atmosphere originate from various sources and play a crucial role in weather patterns and cloud formation.

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  • 7.4

    Structure Of The Atmosphere

    This section explores the composition and layered structure of the atmosphere, emphasizing the importance of its gases and their roles in supporting life on Earth.

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  • 7.4.1

    Troposphere

    The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where most weather phenomena occur and life thrives due to its composition of gases and temperature variability.

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  • 7.4.2

    Stratosphere

    The stratosphere is a crucial layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer, protecting life on Earth from harmful UV radiation.

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  • 7.4.3

    Mesosphere

    This section introduces the mesosphere, its significance within the atmosphere's structure, and the characteristics that define this layer.

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  • 7.4.4

    Ionosphere

    The ionosphere is a critical layer of the Earth's atmosphere, located between 80 and 400 km above the surface, known for containing electrically charged particles and playing essential roles in radio communications and atmospheric science.

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  • 7.4.5

    Exosphere

    The exosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth's atmosphere, extending from the thermosphere and merging with outer space, where gases are extremely rarefied.

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  • 7.5

    Elements Of Weather And Climate

    This section explains the essential components of the atmosphere that influence weather and climate.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.6

    Exercises

    This section presents exercises that reinforce understanding of the chapter on climate, covering atmospheric composition, structure, and various climatic elements.

    Learning

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • The atmosphere is vital for...
  • It consists of different la...
  • Water vapor and carbon diox...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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