6. LANDFORMS AND THEIR EVOLUTION
The chapter discusses the various types of landforms, their evolution, and the geomorphic processes responsible for their formation. It covers the roles of running water, glaciers, groundwater, waves, and wind in shaping the Earth's surface through erosion and deposition. The interrelationships among different landforms and their development stages are highlighted, showcasing how climatic conditions and geological activities influence these changes.
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What we have learnt
- Landforms are defined as small to medium tracts of the Earth's surface, while landscapes consist of several related landforms.
- Geomorphic processes such as erosion and deposition significantly alter the surface of the Earth over time.
- The evolution of landforms involves a sequence of stages comparable to life stages, including youth, maturity, and old age.
Key Concepts
- -- Landform
- A small to medium sized part of the Earth's surface characterized by its unique shape and the geomorphic processes that formed it.
- -- Erosion
- The process by which surface materials are worn away and transported by natural agents like water, wind, and ice.
- -- Deposition
- The accumulation of materials transported by erosion at a new location, leading to the formation of new landforms.
- -- Karst Topography
- Landforms that form as a result of the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, characterized by features such as caves, sinkholes, and lapies.
- -- Glacial Erosion
- The landform alterations caused by glacial movements, which can significantly reshape valleys and create distinct geological features.
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