In-Depth Summary
Economic planning in India has undergone significant transformations, particularly after the establishment of the NITI Aayog in 2015, which replaced the Planning Commission. This shift aimed to decentralize planning and involve states in formulating economic policies. Central to this planning process are two key types: sectoral planning, focusing on developing specific economic sectors like agriculture and manufacturing, and regional planning, which addresses the disparities in economic development across different geographical areas.
To tackle uneven economic growth and social disparities, several targeted programs have been introduced, such as the Drought Prone Area Programme, which aims to rejuvenate economically backward regions by improving agricultural productivity through irrigation and infrastructure development. Similarly, programs aimed at tribal areas, like the Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP), prioritize enhancing transportation, communications, and community services to uplift these marginalized communities.
Moreover, sustainable development strategies emerged in response to ecological challenges linked to human activity and economic growth. The concept emphasizes the need to balance ecological integrity with social equity and economic viability, ensuring resources are preserved for future generations. Understanding how various regional and sectoral planning initiatives interact with these ecological and social dimensions is crucial for achieving comprehensive development goals in India.