Timeline of the 1857 Revolt
The year 1857 marked a significant turning point in Indian history as it witnessed the first widespread revolt against British rule, often referred to as the Sepoy Mutiny or the First War of Independence. This timeline captures pivotal events:
- 1801: Subsidiary Alliance introduced by Wellesley in Awadh, laying the groundwork for increased British control over Indian states.
- 1856: Nawab Wajid Ali Shah deposed and Awadh annexed by the British, sparking discontent among the local populace.
- 1856-57: The implementation of Summary Revenue Settlements introduced in Awadh heightened tensions as many lost their land and livelihoods.
- 10 May 1857: The first outbreak of mutiny occurs in Meerut among sepoys, marking the official start of the revolt.
- 11-12 May 1857: Revolts spread to Delhi, where Bahadur Shah II accepts the nominal leadership of the revolutionaries.
- 20-27 May 1857: The uprising extends to Aligarh, Etawah, Mainpuri, and Etah as sepoys ignite further rebellion across various regions.
- 30 May 1857: A rising takes place in Lucknow, demonstrating the revolt's intensifying nature.
- May-June 1857: The mutiny evolves into a broader revolt, drawing support from diverse sections of society, including civilians.
- 30 June 1857: British forces face defeat at the Battle of Chinhat, showcasing the strength of the rebels.
- 25 September 1857: British forces under Havelock and Outram manage to enter the Residency in Lucknow, signifying a critical moment in the counter-offensive.
- July 1857: Notably, Shah Mal, a key leader of the revolt, is killed in battle, illustrating the sacrifices made.
- June 1858: Rani Jhansi, a prominent figure in the revolt, also falls in battle, marking the end of several key leadership figures.
This timeline serves to illustrate the sequence of events and the fervent collective struggle against British rule, depicting the socio-political landscape of the time.