2. SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY
The chapter covers the sectors of the Indian economy by classifying them into primary, secondary, and tertiary activities. It discusses the roles and interdependencies of these sectors, highlights issues such as underemployment and the conditions of work in organized and unorganized sectors, and examines the impact of these sectors on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Additionally, the chapter emphasizes the need for better employment opportunities and the protection of unorganized sector workers to promote economic development.
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What we have learnt
- The economy is classified into three main sectors: primary, secondary, and tertiary.
- There is significant underemployment in agriculture, while the service sector is becoming increasingly important in terms of production and GDP.
- Differentiating between organized and unorganized sectors is crucial for understanding worker conditions and necessary protections.
Key Concepts
- -- Primary Sector
- The sector that involves the extraction and production of natural resources, such as agriculture, forestry, and mining.
- -- Secondary Sector
- The sector that involves the manufacturing and processing of goods, turning raw materials into finished products.
- -- Tertiary Sector
- The sector which provides services to the economy and supports the primary and secondary sectors, such as transportation, education, and healthcare.
- -- Underemployment
- A situation where individuals are working less than their potential or are unable to fully utilize their skills.
- -- Unorganized Sector
- A sector that lacks formal rules and regulations, characterized by low wages, lack of job security, and limited worker rights.
- -- Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specified period.
- -- MGNREGA 2005
- Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, which provides a legal guarantee for at least 100 days of unskilled wage employment in a financial year to every rural household.
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